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ui 5U{"id":21655,"date":"2022-03-03T11:49:21","date_gmt":"2022-03-03T08:49:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/?p=21655"},"modified":"2022-03-03T11:49:21","modified_gmt":"2022-03-03T08:49:21","slug":"ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-saffat-suresi-107-ve-113-ayetler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-saffat-suresi-107-ve-113-ayetler\/","title":{"rendered":"EBU\u2019L A\u2019L\u00c2 MEVDUD\u0130\u2019N\u0130N (RH.A.) BAKI\u015e A\u00c7ISIYLA SAFFAT SURES\u0130 107. ve 113. AYETLER"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun.<\/strong><\/p>\n

107- Ve ona b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurban\u0131 fidye olarak verdik.(66)<\/strong>
\n108- Sonra gelenler aras\u0131nda da ona (hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve \u015ferefli bir isim) b\u0131rakt\u0131k.<\/strong>
\n109- \u0130brahim’e selam olsun.<\/strong>
\n110- Biz, ihsanda bulunanlar\u0131 b\u00f6yle \u00f6d\u00fcllendiririz.<\/strong>
\n111- \u015e\u00fcphesiz o, bizim m\u00fc’min olan kullar\u0131m\u0131zdand\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n112- Biz ona, salihlerden bir peygamber olarak \u0130shak’\u0131 m\u00fcjdeledik.<\/strong>
\n113- Ona da, \u0130shak’a da bereketler verdik.(67) \u0130kisinin soyundan, ihsanda bulunan (muhsin olan) da var, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kendi nefsine zulmetmekte olan da.(68)<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00c7IKLAMA<\/strong><\/p>\n

66. “B\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurbanl\u0131k” ifadesi ile Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes’e g\u00f6re de \u0130sl\u00e2mi kaynaklara g\u00f6re de, Allah’\u0131n bir melek vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Hz. \u0130brahim’e o\u011flunun yerine kurban etmesi i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi “ko\u00e7” kastedilmektedir. “B\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurbanl\u0131k” denmesinin nedeni ise, onun Hz. \u0130brahim’in hat\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilmesi ve sab\u0131rl\u0131, fedak\u00e2r o\u011flunun can\u0131n\u0131n bedeli i\u00e7in bir fidye olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden Allah, Hz. \u0130brahim’in o emsali d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyen kurban niyetini, bu ko\u00e7 ile yerine getirmesini istemi\u015ftir. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra “B\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurbanl\u0131k” denmesinin di\u011fer bir nedeni de Hz. \u0130brahim’in s\u00fcnnetinin k\u0131yamete kadar s\u00fcrmesi ve m\u00fcminlerin tarih boyunca, o teslimiyet olay\u0131n\u0131, hayvanlar\u0131 kurban etmek suretiyle canl\u0131 tutmalar\u0131n\u0131n istenmesidir.<\/p>\n

67. Hadisenin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, Hz. \u0130brahim’in s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen o\u011flunun hangisi oldu\u011fu sorusu ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. \u00d6ncelikle Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes’e \u015f\u00f6yle bir bakal\u0131m: “Allah \u0130brahim’i imtihan etti ve dedi ki: “Ey \u0130brahim! Tek ve yeg\u00e2ne sevdi\u011fin o\u011flun \u0130shak’\u0131 yan\u0131na alarak Merish \u00fclkesine git ve orada benim g\u00f6sterece\u011fim da\u011flardan birinde onu kurban et.” (Do\u011fu\u015f, 22:1-2)<\/p>\n

Bu sat\u0131rlarda dikkate de\u011fer iki nokta vard\u0131r. Birincisi, kurban edilecek evlad\u0131n, Hz. \u0130shak oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kincisi, bu \u00e7ocu\u011fun Hz. \u0130brahim’in tek evlad\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Oysa bizzat Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes’in di\u011fer yerlerinden bu s\u00f6zlerin tamam\u0131yla yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Mesel\u00e2 Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes’in \u015fu paragraf\u0131na bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n

“Ve \u0130brahim’in zevcesi S\u00e2r\u00e2’n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u00e7ocu\u011fu yoktu. O’nun M\u0131s\u0131r’l\u0131 bir hizmet\u00e7isi vard\u0131. Ad\u0131 Hacer idi. S\u00e2r\u00e2, \u0130brahim’e dedi ki; “Bak Allah beni \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmaktan mahrum etmi\u015ftir. Onun i\u00e7in sen benim hizmet\u00e7inin yan\u0131na git. Belki b\u00f6ylece evimiz ne\u015f’e ile dolar.” Ve \u0130brahim S\u00e2r\u00e2n\u0131n dedi\u011fini yapt\u0131. Ve \u0130brahim Ken’an \u00fclkesinde 10 seneden beri kal\u0131yordu ve i\u015fte o s\u0131ralarda kar\u0131s\u0131 S\u00e2r\u00e2 kendi hizmet\u00e7isini ona verdi ki onun kar\u0131s\u0131 olsun. Ve o Hacer’in yan\u0131na gitti ve o hamile kald\u0131.”(Do\u011fu\u015f: 16:1-3)<\/p>\n

“Allah mele\u011fi, ona dedi ki: “Sen hamilesin ve sen bir erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya getireceksin, ad\u0131n\u0131 \u0130smail koy.” (Do\u011fu\u015f 16:11)<\/p>\n

“\u0130brahim ve Hacer’den \u0130smail do\u011fdu\u011fu zaman \u0130brahim 86 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131.” (Do\u011fu\u015f:16:16)<\/p>\n

“Ve Allah \u0130brahim’e dedi ki, senin kar\u0131n olacak S\u00e2r\u00e2’dan da sana bir erkek \u00e7ocuk bah\u015fedece\u011fim. Ad\u0131n\u0131 \u0130shak koyars\u0131n… O gelecek y\u0131l ayn\u0131 tarihte S\u00e2r\u00e2’dan do\u011facakt\u0131r… O zaman \u0130brahim, o\u011flu \u0130smail’i ve evin di\u011fer erkeklerini yan\u0131na ald\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn Allah’\u0131n emriyle onlar\u0131 s\u00fcnnet etti. \u0130brahim 99 ya\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fcnnet oldu. \u0130smail ise s\u00fcnnet oldu\u011fu zaman 13 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131.” (Do\u011fu\u015f: 17:15-25)
\n“Ve o\u011flu \u0130shak do\u011fdu\u011fu zaman \u0130brahim 100 ya\u015f\u0131nda idi. (Do\u011fu\u015f:21:5)<\/p>\n

Bu ifadeler ile Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes’in i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7eli\u015fki kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. \u015e\u00f6yle ki, 14 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar Hz. \u0130brahim’den tek evlad\u0131n\u0131n kurban edilmesini istemi\u015fse, o \u0130smail olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yok e\u011fer Allah, Hz. \u0130shak’\u0131n kurban edilmesini istemi\u015fse, o zaman onun Hz. \u0130brahim’in tek evl\u00e2d\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Bu hususda \u0130sl\u00e2m kaynaklar\u0131nda da derin ihtilaflar vard\u0131r. M\u00fcfessirlerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sahabeler ve tabiilerden naklettikleri hadislere g\u00f6re kurban edilmesi emrolunan \u00e7ocuk Hz. \u0130shak’d\u0131. Bu grupta \u015fu isimler yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Hz. \u00d6mer, Hz. Ali, Hz. Abdullah b. Mes’ud, Hz. Abbas b. Abdulmuttalib, Hz. Abdullah b. Abbas, Hz. Ebu Hureyre, Kat\u00e2de, \u0130krime, Hasan Basri, Sa\u00eed b. C\u00fcbeyr, M\u00fccahid, \u015e\u00e2’b\u00ee, Mesruk, Mekh\u00fbl, Zuhr\u00ee, At\u00e2, Muk\u00e2til, S\u00fcdd\u00ee, Ka’b’ul-Ahbar, Zeyd b. Eslem.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci grupta yer alanlar ise, kurban edilmesi emrolunan \u00e7ocu\u011fun Hz. \u0130smail oldu\u011funu savunuyorlard\u0131 ki, bunlar \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanabilir: Hz. Ebu Bekir, Hz. Ali, Hz. Abdullah b. \u00d6mer, Hz. Abdullah b. Abbas, Hz. Ebu Hureyre, Hz. Muaviye, Hz. \u0130krime, Hz. M\u00fccahid, Hz. Yusuf b. Mehren, Hz. Hasan Basri, Hz. Muhammed b. Ka’b el-Kurz\u00ee, \u015e\u00e2’b\u00ee, Hz. Said b. M\u00fcseyyeb, Dahh\u00e2k, Hz. Muhammed b. Ali b. H\u00fcseyin (\u0130mam Muhammed el-B\u00e2k\u0131r) , Hz. Reb\u00ee b. Enes ve Hz. \u0130mam Ahmed b. Hanbel v.s.<\/p>\n

Bu iki listeyi birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131nca baz\u0131 isimlerin m\u00fc\u015fterek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Yani ayn\u0131 zat’\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik hadisler nakletti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Mesel\u00e2, \u0130krime’nin Abdullah b. Abbas’dan nakletti\u011fi hadise g\u00f6re kurban edilmesi emrolunan \u00e7ocuk Hz. \u0130shak’t\u0131. Fakat At\u00e2 b. Ebi Reb\u00e2h’\u0131n yine Hz. Abdullah b. Abbas’tan nakletti\u011fi hadis \u015f\u00f6yledir: “Yahudiler, kurban edilmesi istenilen \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u0130shak oldu\u011funu iddia ediyorlar. Ama Yahudiler yalan s\u00f6ylemektedir.” Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Hasan Basri’nin, Hz. \u0130shak’\u0131n “zebih” (Allah yolunda kurban edilen) oldu\u011funa dair bildi\u011fi bir hadis var. Fakat, Amr b. Ubeyd’in ifadesine g\u00f6re, Hasan Basri, Hz. \u0130smail’in zebih oldu\u011fu konusunda hi\u00e7 teredd\u00fct etmiyordu.<\/p>\n

Hadisler ve tefsirlerde bu konuda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan anla\u015fmazl\u0131k, gayet do\u011fal olarak ulema ve fakihlerin de iki ayr\u0131 kampa b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim, \u0130bn Cerir ile K\u00e2d\u0131 \u0130y\u00e2z v.s reylerini kesinlikle Hz. \u0130shak lehine vermi\u015flerdir. \u0130bn Kesir gibi alimler ise kesinlikle Hz. \u0130smail’in zebih oldu\u011funa karar vermi\u015flerdir. Fakat Celalettin Suyuti gibi alimler de ortada kalm\u0131\u015f ve kesin bir tav\u0131r tak\u0131nmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Fakat elimizdeki b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklar\u0131 bilimsel ve objektif \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirecek olursak “zebih”in, Hz. \u0130smail oldu\u011funa karar verebiliriz. Bu hususta \u015fu delilleri \u00f6ne s\u00fcrebiliriz.<\/p>\n

1) Saffat Suresi’nde, Hz. \u0130brahim’in anayurdundan ayr\u0131l\u0131rken Allah’tan kendisine salih bir evlat ihsan etmesini istedi\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Buna cevap olarak, Allah kendisine halim (uysal ve m\u00fctevazi) bir evlat bah\u015fedece\u011fini m\u00fcjdelemi\u015ftir. Olaylar\u0131n geli\u015fmesi, Hz. \u0130brahim’in o an i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu \u015fartlar ve konu\u015fma tarz\u0131, Hz. \u0130brahim’in duas\u0131n\u0131 evlats\u0131z oldu\u011fu bir s\u0131rada yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. M\u00fcjdelenen \u00e7ocu\u011fun da onun ilk erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca surenin dili, \u00fcsl\u00fbbu ve hadisenin mahiyeti ayn\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011fun delikanl\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na geldi\u011fi zaman Hz. \u0130brahim’in onu Allah’\u0131n arzusuna g\u00f6re kurban etmeye karar verdi\u011fini de g\u00f6steriyor. B\u00f6ylece, Hz. \u0130brahim’in ilk evlad\u0131n\u0131n Hz. \u0130smail oldu\u011fu kesinlikle ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Buna ilaveten Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de Hz. \u0130brahim’in iki o\u011flundan bahsedilirken, isimleri de s\u0131ra ile an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: “Bana ihtiyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131mda \u0130smail ve \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131 bah\u015feden Allah’a hamdedirm.” (\u0130brahim:39)<\/p>\n

2) Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n do\u011faca\u011f\u0131na dair verilen m\u00fcjdede kendisi i\u00e7in “ilim sahibi” (Zariyat: 28) kelimesi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hicr Suresi’nde de \u015f\u00f6yle denilmi\u015ftir. “Biz seni alim bir evlad ile m\u00fcjdeliyoruz.”(53) . Fakat S\u00e2ff\u00e2t Suresi’nde m\u00fcjdelenen \u00e7ocu\u011fun “hal\u00eem” (uysal, m\u00fctevazi) oldu\u011fu beyan edilmi\u015ftir. Demek ki, her iki \u00e7ocuk ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 huy ve karaktere sahiptiler. Hz. \u0130smail’in karakterinin belirgin \u00f6zelli\u011finin “hal\u00eem” oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, kurban edilmesi emrolunan \u00e7ocu\u011fun Hz. \u0130smail’den ba\u015fka birisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da san\u0131r\u0131z anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Zira, Hz. \u0130brahim taraf\u0131ndan kurban edilmesi istenen \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00e2lim de\u011fil, hal\u00eem oldu\u011fu Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca hal\u00eem olan ilk \u00e7ocuk ancak delikanl\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman \u00e2lim olan ikinci \u00e7ocuk do\u011fmu\u015ftu. \u0130kinci \u00e7ocu\u011fun do\u011faca\u011f\u0131na dair m\u00fcjde de ancak kurban vakas\u0131ndan sonra verildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, kurbanl\u0131k muhakkak Hz. \u0130smail’di.<\/p>\n

3) Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de, Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n do\u011faca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin m\u00fcjde verilirken \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n da Yakub ad\u0131nda bir \u00e7ocu\u011fa sahip olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. “Ayakta duran \u0130brahim’in zevcesi g\u00fcld\u00fc. Biz de ona \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131, onun ard\u0131nda da Yakub’u m\u00fcjdeledik.” (H\u00fbd: 71)<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi, Hz. \u0130brahim r\u00fcyas\u0131nda ileride olacak bir \u00e7ocu\u011funu bo\u011fazlerken g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olsayd\u0131, Allah’\u0131n onun ger\u00e7ekten kurban edilmesini istedi\u011fine ihtimal vermezdi. Zira, bu \u00e7ocuk kurban edildi\u011fi takdirde onun Yakub ad\u0131nda bir evlad\u0131n babas\u0131 olmas\u0131 s\u00f6zkonusu olamazd\u0131. Allame \u0130bn Cerir, bu delili \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmek maksad\u0131yla diyor ki, belki de Hz. \u0130brahim r\u00fcyas\u0131n\u0131, Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k, Yakub ad\u0131nda bir erkek \u00e7ocu\u011funa sahip olduktan sonra g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Fakat bu \u00e7ok uzak ve g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 bir tahmindir. Zira, Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim, kurban edilmesi istenen \u00e7ocu\u011fun “babas\u0131yla beraber ko\u015facak ya\u015fa geldi\u011fi” zaman kurban edilmeye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k bir dille ifade ediyor. Herhangi bir \u00f6nyarg\u0131s\u0131 olmayan bir ki\u015fi bu c\u00fcmleyi okuyunca kurbanl\u0131k \u00e7ocu\u011fun ancak 8-10 veya en fazla 12-13 ya\u015flar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecektir. \u00c7oluk \u00e7ocuk sahibi bir gen\u00e7ten s\u00f6zedilirken b\u00f6yle bir ifadenin kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez.<\/p>\n

4) Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de kurban vak’as\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc anlat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki ayetlerde Hz. \u0130brahim’e “Peygamber olacak \u0130sh\u00e2k ad\u0131nda salihlerden bir evlad\u0131n m\u00fcjdelendi\u011fi,” belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bu ayetlerden de kurbanl\u0131k \u00e7ocu\u011fun Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli oluyor. Aksine, \u00f6nce \u0130smail ad\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun m\u00fcjdelendi\u011fi ve babas\u0131yla beraber ko\u015facak ya\u015fa geldi\u011fi zaman onun kurban edilmesinin istendi\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Hz. \u0130brahim bu imtihandan ba\u015far\u0131yla ge\u00e7tikten sonra ona \u0130sh\u00e2k ad\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir \u00e7ocuk m\u00fcjdelenmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Olaylar\u0131n bu zinciri ve s\u0131ralamas\u0131, kurbanl\u0131k \u00e7ocu\u011fun Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, aksine bu \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u0130sh\u00e2k’dan birka\u00e7 sene \u00f6nce do\u011fmu\u015f oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k se\u00e7ik bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Allame \u0130bn Cerir bu a\u00e7\u0131k delili \u015fu tezle reddediyor: \u0130lk \u00f6nce \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n do\u011faca\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcjdelenmi\u015fti ve o, Allah’\u0131n dile\u011fi \u00fczerine \u00f6lmeye haz\u0131r olunca ona m\u00fck\u00e2fat olarak peygamberlik verilece\u011fi bildirilmi\u015fti. Ne var ki, \u0130bn Cerir’in bu delili eskisinden daha da zay\u0131ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ger\u00e7ekten b\u00f6yle bir\u015fey olsayd\u0131, o zaman Allah “Ona salihlerden bir peygamber olmak \u00fczere \u0130shak’\u0131 m\u00fcjdeledik” yerine “Ayn\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011fun salihlerden bir peygamber olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ona m\u00fcjdeledik” ifadesini kullan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

5) G\u00fcvenilir rivayet ve hadislere g\u00f6re Hz. \u0130smail’in fidyesi olarak kurban edilen ko\u00e7un boynuzu Ka’be’de Abdullah b. Z\u00fcbeyr (r.a) d\u00f6nemine kadar muhafaza edilmi\u015fti. Daha sonra, Haccac b. Yusuf, Harem’de \u0130bn Z\u00fcbeyr’i ku\u015fat\u0131p Ka’be’yi yerle bir edince bu boynuz da ortadan kayboldu. \u0130bn Abbas ve Amir b. \u015e\u00e2’bi bu boynuzu Ka’be’de g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini belirtiyorlar. (Bkz. \u0130bn Kesir) . Bu g\u00f6steriyor ki, Kurban vak’as\u0131 Suriye’de de\u011fil, Mekke-i Muazzama’da vuku bulmu\u015ftu ve kurbanl\u0131k Hz. \u0130smail’di. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00f6yle olmasayd\u0131, Hz. \u0130brahim ve Hz. \u0130smail taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen Ka’be’de kurban vak’as\u0131n\u0131n bir hat\u0131ras\u0131 olarak boynuz saklanmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

6) Arap rivayetlerine g\u00f6re Araplar y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu Kurban vak’as\u0131n\u0131n Mina’da meydana geldi\u011fine inanagelmi\u015flerdi. Ve t\u00e2 o zamandan ba\u015flayarak Hz. Peygamber (s.a) zaman\u0131na kadar, hac\u0131lar Mina’ya gidip Hz. \u0130brahim’in gelene\u011fine g\u00f6re kurban kesmi\u015flerdi. Daha sonra Hz. Muhammed (s.a.) peygamberlik payesine y\u00fckselince bu gelene\u011fi \u0130sl\u00e2miyet’in Hacc farizas\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirdi. Bug\u00fcn dahi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Hac\u0131lar 10 Zilhicce tarihinde kurbanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Mina’da kesiyorlar. Ge\u00e7en 4500 y\u0131ldan beri kesintisiz s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen bu gelenek, Hz. \u0130brahim’in kurban etmek istedi\u011fi o\u011flunun \u0130sh\u00e2k de\u011fil, \u0130smail oldu\u011funun inkar edilmez bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n soyundan olduklar\u0131 bilinen Yahudiler ile H\u0131ristiyanlar aras\u0131nda m\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fcmmeti gibi, b\u00fct\u00fcn milletin belirli bir s\u00fcrede kurban kesmesi veya bunun gibi Hz. \u0130brahim’in kurban kesmesinin bir an\u0131s\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen bir gelenek yoktur.<\/p>\n

Bunlar \u00f6ylesine sa\u011flam ve ink\u00e2r edilmez delillerdir ki, bunlar\u0131n ortada bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bizzat m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n baz\u0131 ileri gelenlerinin, Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131 “zebih” (kurbanl\u0131k) olarak neden kabul ettiklerine hayret edilebilir. Yahudilerin b\u00f6yle iftihar edilmesi gereken bir olay\u0131, Hz. \u0130smail yerine atalar\u0131 olan Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’a maletmeleri anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir\u015feydir. Ama m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n bir grubunun bu haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabullenmelerine ne demeli? Allame \u0130bn Kesir bu sorunun gayet tatminkar cevab\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fhur tefsirinde vermi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

“Ger\u00e7e\u011fi ancak Allah bilir. Fakat dikkat edildi\u011finde, Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n zebih (kurbanl\u0131k) olmas\u0131yla ilgili b\u00fct\u00fcn hadis ve rivayetlerin Ka’b’ul-Ahbar taraf\u0131ndan nakledildi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.
\nBu zat, Hz. \u00d6mer d\u00f6neminde m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmi\u015fti ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara, Yahudi ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n kitaplar\u0131ndan pasajlar okurdu. Ka’b’ul-Ahbar’\u0131n okudu\u011fu par\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00f6nceleri sadece Hz. \u00d6mer dinlerdi, daha sonra baz\u0131 kimseler de bunlar\u0131 dinlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece, Ka’b’\u0131n baz\u0131 do\u011fru, yanl\u0131\u015f ve uydurma hikaye ve masallar\u0131n\u0131 da m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar dinler hale geldiler. Halbuki, \u00fcm\u00fcmetin Ka’b’\u0131n bilgi hazinesine ihtiyac\u0131 yoktu.”<\/p>\n

Bu konuya Muhammed b. Ka’b Kuraz\u00ee’nin bir hadisi de \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. Muhammed b. Ka’b Kuraz\u00ee diyor ki; “Bir defas\u0131nda benim yan\u0131mda Hz. \u00d6mer b. Abd\u00fclaziz ve baz\u0131 di\u011fer arkada\u015flar aras\u0131nda “zebih”in \u0130smail mi, yoksa \u0130sh\u00e2k m\u0131 oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Toplant\u0131da daha \u00f6nce Yahudi ama sonradan m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan dindar bir z\u00e2t da vard\u0131. O dedi ki, “Ey m\u00fcminlerin emiri! Vallahi billahi, zebih, Hz. \u0130smail’di. Yahudiler bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi \u00e7ok iyi biliyorlar, fakat Araplara kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131klar\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k’\u0131n zebih oludu\u011funu iddia ediyorlar.” (\u0130bn Cerir)
\nBu iki olay\u0131 biraraya getirip inceleyecek olursak, Hz. \u0130smail’in kurban olu\u015fuyla ilgili ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ihtilaf\u0131n Yahudilerin sinsi ve planl\u0131 bir propagandas\u0131n\u0131n sonucu oldu\u011funu anlayabiliriz. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri ilmi konularda toleransl\u0131 davrand\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Yahudiler taraf\u0131ndan nakledilen rivayetleri birer tarihi ger\u00e7ek olarak kabul ediverdiler ve bunlar\u0131 yeterince ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcp, bi\u00e7ip reddetmediler.<\/p>\n

68. Bu c\u00fcmleyle Hz. \u0130brahim’in o\u011flunu kurban etme k\u0131ssas\u0131n\u0131n ni\u00e7in beyan olundu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r. Hz. \u0130brahim’in (a.s) iki o\u011flundan iki soy ve kavim t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. Birincisi, kendilerinden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan iki dinin (Yahudilik ve H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k) \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130srailo\u011fullar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincisi ise, Hz. \u0130smail’in torunlar\u0131 olan Araplard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Nitekim Araplar\u0131n i\u00e7inde olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir konumda bulunan ve Mekke’de ya\u015fayan Kurey\u015f kabilesi, Hz. \u0130smail’in, atalar\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve kendilerinin de onun dini \u00fczerinde bulunduklar\u0131na inan\u0131yorlard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Hz. \u0130brahim ‘in (a.s) ismi yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde bu iki o\u011flu sayesinde y\u00fckselmi\u015f ve bu iki nesil vas\u0131tas\u0131yla da yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden bir\u00e7ok soy ve s\u00fclale ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bug\u00fcn onlardan \u00e7o\u011funun ismi bile bizlere intikal etmemi\u015ftir. Burada Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 bu soyun tarih\u00e7esini beyan etmek suretiyle, Hz. \u0130brahim’in her iki nesline de, onlar Allah’a ihlasla iman etmelerinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, b\u00f6yle bir \u015ferefin kendilerine nasip oldu\u011funu, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 fedak\u00e2rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n gelecek nesillere b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r: “Atan\u0131z, Hz. \u0130brahim, Hz. \u0130smail ve Hz. \u0130sh\u00e2k, Allah’\u0131n muhlis kullar\u0131 olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015ferflendirilmi\u015flerdir, yoksa tesad\u00fcfen se\u00e7ilmemi\u015flerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar ihlaslar\u0131n\u0131 isbat etmi\u015flerdir. \u015eimdi ise sizler onlar\u0131n torunlar\u0131 olmakla \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz. Oysa s\u0131rf onlar\u0131n torunlar\u0131 olmakla benim nimetlerime lay\u0131k olamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Biz en \u00e7ok muhlisleri m\u00fck\u00e2fatland\u0131r\u0131r ve zalimlere de hak ettikleri \u015fekilde cezalar\u0131n\u0131 veririz.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun. 107- Ve ona b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurban\u0131 fidye olarak verdik.(66) 108- Sonra gelenler aras\u0131nda da ona (hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve \u015ferefli bir isim) b\u0131rakt\u0131k. 109- \u0130brahim’e selam olsun. 110- Biz, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":21656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"yoast_head":"\nEBU\u2019L A\u2019L\u00c2 MEVDUD\u0130\u2019N\u0130N (RH.A.) BAKI\u015e A\u00c7ISIYLA SAFFAT SURES\u0130 107. ve 113. 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