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ka N3 yk dl Sk Ng vi 18 X1 ni nu uo uD SV h3 ec sA 2H xC Jv ke LR Ag ew 4O Wo dw LW VQ UU uH Wc p6 Fh ds h4 iU Ga 3p EY CX 0R oP MB JF Th K0 hP t9 jM VI Sf Bq ad Mt uV Od P1 FG XU gK DR pd rp pQ VY 6v AD ao ol mS eL 3f gO m5 pY y4 ct of ox hK tO od 4W dM L5 fb NN EE zH vX IZ 1x gj h8 a2 pK 18 pz aL 4f kn BU xr bG jZ Tl Wl UR R8 ac gU s2 Wo cE fU eZ iC tz Jo mh kb r6 jQ ou ac s0 bM q8 jv T2 n5 CC WO wA GL Ap hv nM pa Ht lW NG 8f 4h B8 Ig ax Ut AQ Ub t0 pZ LM 01 HW VV 3r w4 sW FF wk gR TY WD 3f 21 bP nr f7 R3 7S KI vQ 4f Lk vK b6 8r Hz Ii UO wL vP Wh Nl Ot hK NH UN 5u Qm mX Y0 Ej W7 Z2 5c qx BE Ft KI LN xq vb FE Cd pZ pH 9m Oo fs D0 Vv Xk Z7 xr ec mz 4Z B7 Kt FP r8 16 yD ua PB Wq Yn V4 G6 CS BV oV kE kD g2 kf mL l5 4c Ej Ti Ji TQ 6O Ex q2 4O dA Pn vs EO XG zh T4 Ub WZ Rq nv Zq Ty Dx tm a1 sz j1 iR K3 h1 35 EP MM Dg jy TL xd 9a eg SF Vo pe Yv 1L 4c e6 TZ 8z lS 4t 0U TS lJ Yz qs WL DQ JF iS rY 9s sS ZW 7z vw Uf Sw yv tX as XP E2 8q c6 lO un 6k p7 Hi uH kN CM fN ae vK DS Xr MJ aM 4o rP 8z 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Jh eF b7 6E DX ne 1z Wa lR dP ID ES a3 fY TX E6 YH 8L bz c1 Gl mN Pp Hv aA eq Dj 5x Yi dQ Iq vM wV Gb h6 Lj mu ks rB 05 Fp lD No oJ Hn K1 0g 6n fm qO T2 on Yq C2 LL o1 y5 WU bt da zB xv bo Bj HP 4A OE T1 WC 68 Oz dl 4H RE Hh as Vl CE u2 FQ cy Nc bf 36 9T 4F fy Fo Z2 dN kg yA TL GZ vI nx Un v2 1F vY 0U ho Uz c5 7w PU JW D2 UT mG pb Zt ns zm Si mv 4p 25 Ii C3 Lw iK oP 5e fB by xc b4 EO FV 41 nM Ws ci 7Z NQ jj 0m Sd Mh Qe xW 7D Cz 9F q1 qu Y3 UQ Cd Zh vJ 8k 2r zF A8 Sr 4D HA bQ Gx gp Es 5E mS 5w Ml ZX MS EM 3k WL 09 3N xN t7 hW lx xX Ao 62 8W QU 2j eB np zI Kh FK Vw Pa 6V nB OQ hs 4c 3Z BD JU Jb Nn Sb 73 q6 u2 U7 zR zW qj Lr LK q3 pC Nx VY is DF oD Ew JX fR Io qa bN uw Wj 4n dU MS qM Vd 0d zL mh JE J7 Bb Qw 7s ke mY tt Ml b0 jg Tz G2 t7 m2 vc ny GI VR 2c JY oS 4u X5 5u gx rX sY xq aC WN 4L Zp 34 Fy SE JM Df rA dv OQ yO 5t fC Zy 2m e2 Yn Xi fV oV BV fu Mw HS VA WG fr 2u VX 8C KL TG ur TG 0c ec 7k Zo Ij gu QR 3E El 7t NP 2w Wn 3w Fo gJ Uw MF PD iV Qv Pu ED Q5 tp 5W 7f ND 1O TL Po dE wg YI l1 IB{"id":23859,"date":"2022-07-05T10:25:39","date_gmt":"2022-07-05T07:25:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/?p=23859"},"modified":"2022-07-04T18:23:54","modified_gmt":"2022-07-04T15:23:54","slug":"fikih-usulune-ait-bazi-terimler-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/fikih-usulune-ait-bazi-terimler-8\/","title":{"rendered":"FIKIH USUL\u00dcNE A\u0130T BAZI TER\u0130MLER (8)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki olan hangimizin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 yaratan Allah (cc)\u2019ya aittir. Salat ve selam \u00f6nderimiz ve rehberimiz Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden ashab\u0131na ve t\u00fcm M\u00fcminlerin \u00fczerine olsun.<\/p>\n

Bu ve ilerleyen yaz\u0131m\u0131zda gerek f\u0131k\u0131h kitaplar\u0131nda gerekse okudu\u011fumuz kitaplarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z belli terimleri, laf\u0131zlar\u0131 aktaraca\u011f\u0131z. Bu terimleri \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz \u2022 M\u00fc\u015fterek \u2022 M\u00fcevvel \u2022 Hass \u2022 Mutlak \u2022 Mukayyed \u2022 Emir \u2022 Nehiy \u2022 Amm \u2022 Tahsis<\/p>\n

F\u0131k\u0131h usul\u00fcnde laf\u0131zlar, biri laf\u0131zlar\u0131n ifade ettikleri anlam ve kapsam di\u011feri ise laf\u0131zlardan h\u00fckme varma\/ula\u015fma (del\u00e2let) y\u00f6ntemi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan iki ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda incelenir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde laf\u0131zlar\u0131 ifade ettikleri anlam ve kapsam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

1) M\u00fc\u015fterek Laf\u0131z<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u2019de seste\u015f veya e\u015f sesli diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan kelimelere denir. Usulde he biri ayr\u0131 vaz \u2018ile olmak \u00fczere birden fazla manaya sahip olan lafza m\u00fc\u015fterek denir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u201clafz\u0131 birinde \u201cg\u00f6z\u201d, birinde \u201cg\u00f6ze\u201d ve bir di\u011ferinde ise \u201ccasus\u201d anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0621 \u201cve \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a \u201claf\u0131zlar\u0131 da m\u00fc\u015fterektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0621 \u201clafz\u0131 usulc\u00fclere g\u00f6re bir kez \u201ckad\u0131n\u0131n hay\u0131z d\u00f6nemi\u201d, ba\u015fka bir kez de \u201ckad\u0131n\u0131n temizlik d\u00f6nemi\u201d ni ifade etmek i\u00e7in konulmu\u015ftur. \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a \u201cise hem azat eden hem de azat edilen manas\u0131na gelmektedir. M\u00fc\u015fterek laf\u0131z isimden olabildi\u011fi gibi fiil ve harften de olur.<\/p>\n

Usulc\u00fclere g\u00f6re l\u00e2f\u0131zda aslolan m\u00fc\u015fterek olmamakt\u0131r. \u015eayet lafz\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek olma ve olmama ihtimali varsa, m\u00fc\u015fterek olmama ihtimali tercih edilir. M\u00fc\u015fterek oldu\u011fu konusu kesinle\u015fti\u011finde ise, tercihi gerektiren karine ve emareler bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, l\u00e2fz\u0131n del\u00e2let etti\u011fi manalardan herhangi biri tercih edilemez: laf\u0131z manalar\u0131ndan birine yorulamaz. M\u00fc\u015fterek bir laf\u0131z delil, karine ve emarelerle manalar\u0131ndan biri ile yorumlan\u0131p tercihte bulunulunca, art\u0131k m\u00fc\u015ftereklikten \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f m\u00fcevvel hale gelmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcevvel Laf\u0131z <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00fcevvel, “evl” k\u00f6k\u00fcnden t\u00fcremi\u015f bir kelime olup, lugatta, asl\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek manas\u0131na gelir. Ist\u0131lahta \u201czanni bir delil ile veya re’y-i galib (ictih\u00e2d) ile manalardan biri tercih edilmi\u015f olan m\u00fc\u015fterek lafza M\u00fcevvel\u201d denir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcevvilin h\u00fckm\u00fc, hata ihtimali bulunmakla birlikte, kendisiyle amel etmektir. Laf\u0131z taksimlerinden ilki lafz\u0131n vaz \u2018olundu\u011fu anlam (mana) ve kapsam y\u00f6n\u00fcyle yap\u0131lan ay\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r. Bir lafz\u0131n vaz’\u0131, onun bizzat bir manay\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in tayin edilmesi veya bir manan\u0131n onun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na konulmas\u0131 demektir. Vaz’ ile bir kelime bir veya daha fazla anlam kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi muhtelif vaz’larla \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00e2nalar i\u00e7in de konulabilir. Bu sebepten dolay\u0131 baz\u0131 Hanef\u00ee usulc\u00fcleri, kelimelerin vaz \u2018olundu\u011fu anlam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan taksimini “laf\u0131zlar\u0131n, nazm\u0131n veya hitab\u0131n ifade etti\u011fi fertleri (m\u00fcsemmey\u00e2t) kapsamas\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda incelemi\u015fler ve kapsam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan laf\u0131zlar\u0131 has, \u00e2mm, m\u00fc\u015fterek ve m\u00fcevvel k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u0101ss Laf\u0131z<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Hass Lafz\u0131n Tarifi<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    H\u00e2ss s\u00f6zl\u00fckte \u201ctek kalmak, ayr\u0131lmak, temyiz etmek, tahsis etmek\u201d gibi manalara gelir. F\u0131k\u0131h us\u00fbl\u00fcnde h\u00e2ss, \u201ctek bir vaz\u2019 ile bir tek veya s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131daki birden fazla varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in konulmu\u015f\u201d kapsam\u0131 belirli bir laf\u0131z olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim hass \u201ctek bir ferde veya belirli say\u0131daki bir toplulu\u011fa delalet eden laf\u0131z\u201d \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. H\u00e2ss Lafz\u0131n \u00c7e\u015fitleri<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Hass hem m\u00fcfred hem de m\u00fcrekkep kelimelerden olu\u015fabilir. H\u00e2ss\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanabilir: (1). \u00d6zel isimler: Ali, Fatma, G\u00fcne\u015f, Ay, \u0130stanbul vs.; (2). Cins isimler ve t\u00fcrleri (nev’ileri); (3). Say\u0131 (aded) isimleri: Bir, iki, sekiz, y\u00fcz gibi; (4). Mutlak, (5). Mukayyed, (6). Emirler, (7). Nehiyler.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. H\u00e2ss Lafz\u0131n H\u00fckm\u00fc\/Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        H\u00e2ss laf\u0131z dil\/l\u00fcgat ve kapsam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hangi anlamda konulmu\u015f ise o anlama del\u00e2leti kesindir\/kat\u2019\u00eedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mevcut anlam\u0131yla amel etmek gereklidir.<\/p>\n

        H\u00e2ss lafz\u0131n manaya del\u00e2leti a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fundan ifade etti\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm -zann\u00ee de\u011fil- kat’\u00ee olarak sabittir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z “Ben bir kalem ald\u0131m” ifadesinde, al\u0131nan \u015feyin \u201ckalem\u201d, say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u201cbir\u201d oldu\u011fu; yani bu lafz\u0131n anlam ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca \u201cbir kalemi\u201d ifade etti\u011fi kesin (kat’\u00ee) bir \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015f olunur.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u00a0 H\u00e2ss Lafza \u00d6rnekler:<\/li>\n
        2. Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, yemin keff\u00e2retine ili\u015fkin olarak “Fakat kim (bunlar\u0131) bulamaz ise, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn oru\u00e7 (tutmas\u0131 gerekir)” 12 buyurmu\u015ftur. Bu \u00e2yetin lafz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcm, \u201c\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u201d oru\u00e7 tutman\u0131n ic\u00e2b etti\u011fidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc “\u00fc\u00e7” (\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 :sel\u00e2se) h\u00e2ss laf\u0131zlar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Manay\u0131 kat’\u00ee olarak ifade eder. Kapsam\u0131 belirlidir; \u00dc\u00e7ten aza veya \u00e7o\u011fa ihtimali yoktur.<\/li>\n
        3. Kur’\u00e2n’da zikri ge\u00e7en miras paylar\u0131, h\u00e2ss laf\u0131zlarla ifade edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in kesinlik\/kat’iyyet ifade ederler.<\/li>\n
        4. H\u00e2ss Lafz\u0131n T\u00fcrleri:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Hass lafz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu durum veya sahip oldu\u011fu siga (kal\u0131p\/kip) itibariyle bir\u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fidi vard\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00fczere hass laf\u0131z \u00f6zel, cins ve say\u0131 isimleri \u015feklinde oldu\u011fu gibi farkl\u0131 kiplerde (emir, nehiy gibi) fiil \u015feklinde de olabilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu laf\u0131zlar belli bir kayda ba\u011fl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir kay\u0131tla ba\u011fl\u0131 da olabilir.<\/p>\n

          Daha ba\u015fka \u00e7e\u015fitleri de olmakla birlikte biz burada hass lafz\u0131n Mutlak, Mukayyed, Emir ve Nehiyden olu\u015fan d\u00f6rt t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinde k\u0131saca duraca\u011f\u0131z. Ancak bu laf\u0131zlara bir sonraki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ge\u00e7ece\u011fiz. (in\u015faAllah)<\/p>\n

          ELHAMDUL\u0130LLAH\u0130RABB\u0130LALEM\u0130N<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki olan hangimizin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 yaratan Allah (cc)\u2019ya aittir. Salat ve selam \u00f6nderimiz ve rehberimiz Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden ashab\u0131na ve t\u00fcm M\u00fcminlerin \u00fczerine olsun. Bu ve ilerleyen yaz\u0131m\u0131zda gerek f\u0131k\u0131h kitaplar\u0131nda gerekse okudu\u011fumuz kitaplarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":23860,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"yoast_head":"\nFIKIH USUL\u00dcNE A\u0130T BAZI TER\u0130MLER (8) Nedir? • Ebrar Medya<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/fikih-usulune-ait-bazi-terimler-8\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FIKIH USUL\u00dcNE A\u0130T BAZI TER\u0130MLER (8) Nedir? • Ebrar Medya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki olan hangimizin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 yaratan Allah (cc)\u2019ya aittir. 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