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jm FJ{"id":26069,"date":"2022-11-01T11:08:48","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T08:08:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/?p=26069"},"modified":"2022-11-01T11:08:48","modified_gmt":"2022-11-01T08:08:48","slug":"ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-necm-suresi-36-ve-39-ayetler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-necm-suresi-36-ve-39-ayetler\/","title":{"rendered":"EBU\u2019L A\u2019L\u00c2 MEVDUD\u0130\u2019N\u0130N (RH.A.) BAKI\u015e A\u00c7ISIYLA NECM SURES\u0130 36. VE 39. AYETLER"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun.<\/strong><\/p>\n

36- Yoksa Musa’n\u0131n sahifelerinde olan kendisine haber verilmedi mi?<\/strong>
\n37- Ve vefa eden(36) \u0130brahim’in (sahifelerinde) olan da.<\/strong>
\n38- Do\u011frusu, hi\u00e7 bir g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnah y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcklenmez.(37)<\/strong>
\n39- Ve do\u011frusu insana da kendi (emek ve) \u00e7abas\u0131ndan ba\u015fkas\u0131 yoktur.(38)<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00c7IKLAMA<\/strong><\/p>\n

36. Daha ilerideki ayetlerde, Hz. \u0130brahim’in ve Hz. Musa’n\u0131n sayfalar\u0131ndan baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar \u00f6zetle anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. “Musa’n\u0131n sahifeleri” ifadesiyle Tevrat kastediliyor olmakla birlikte, “\u0130brahim’in sahifeleri” hakk\u0131nda, Kur’an’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir yerde herhangi bir bilgi yoktur. Hatta Yahudilerin ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n kutsal metinlerinde dahi bu husustan bahsedilmez. Sadece Kur’an’da, biri burada biri Al\u00e2 Suresi’nde olmak \u00fczere iki yerde Hz. \u0130brahim’in getirdi\u011fi talimattan baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmler zikredilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

37. Bu ayetten \u00fc\u00e7 kaide \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir:
\na) Herkes yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan sorumludur.
\nb) Bir \u015fahs\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan ancak kendisi sorumludur.
\nc) Hi\u00e7kimse, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmeyi kabullenemez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun bu tavr\u0131, as\u0131l su\u00e7lunun cezas\u0131n\u0131n hafifle\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flamayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, bunun ona (as\u0131l su\u00e7luya) bir yarar\u0131 da olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

38. Bu ayetten de \u00fc\u00e7 kaide elde edilebilir:
\na) Her \u015fah\u0131s, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6recektir.
\nb) Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 amellere, kimse ortak olamaz, ancak yap\u0131lan amele i\u015ftirak edilmi\u015fse, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na (m\u00fckafata) da i\u015ftirak edilebilir.
\nc) Hi\u00e7kimse, yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 amelin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alamaz.
\nBaz\u0131 kimseler, bu \u00fc\u00e7 kaideyi d\u00fcnyada ekonomik bir sisteme uyarlamak istiyorlar. Bu kimseler bu yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine dayanarak, bundan, “insan ancak bizzat kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 mala sahip olabilir ve bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7kimseye m\u00fclk edinme hakk\u0131 verilemez” sonucunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. Oysa bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, Kur’an’\u0131n ayet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ters d\u00fc\u015fer; \u00f6rne\u011fin Kur’an’\u0131n va’z etti\u011fi veraset kanununa g\u00f6re, \u00f6len kimsenin mal\u0131, varislerinin me\u015fru hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Halbuki \u00f6len kimsenin bizzat \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 o malda (\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan) hi\u00e7bir paylar\u0131 yoktur. S\u00f6zgelimi babas\u0131n\u0131n mal\u0131na varis kabul edilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00e7ocuk, mal ve m\u00fclk edinmede babas\u0131na herhangi bir katk\u0131da bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak zekat ve sadaka, \u015fer’an bir kimsenin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal\u0131na ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n ortak olmas\u0131 demektir. Ve sadaka alan \u015fah\u0131s ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadakan\u0131n me\u015fru sahibidir. Fakat ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadakan\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na bir katk\u0131da bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, Kur’an’\u0131n pek \u00e7ok ayetine ters d\u00fc\u015ferek, tek bir ayetten b\u00f6yle bir sonuca varmak yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nBaz\u0131 kimseler de, ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi ahiret hayat\u0131na uygulayarak, bir kimsenin amelinden, ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yararlanabilece\u011fini ve bir kimsenin ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na iyi bir amel i\u015fledi\u011finde, yap\u0131lan amelin sevab\u0131n\u0131n, ba\u015fkas\u0131na nas\u0131l verilebilece\u011fini sorarlar. Bu sorulara olumsuz bir cevap verildi\u011finde “\u0130s\u00e2li’s-Sevab” (ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na bir amel i\u015fleyip sevab\u0131n\u0131 ona vermek) ve “Bedel-i Hacc” (ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na hacc ifa etmek) caiz olmaz. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra ba\u015fkas\u0131na hay\u0131r duas\u0131 etmek de anlams\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu dua, hakk\u0131nda dua edilenin ameli de\u011fildir. Bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tutum Mutezilenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarca benimsenmemi\u015ftir. Bu ayete dayanarak bir kimsenin amelinin, ba\u015fkas\u0131na fayda sa\u011flamayaca\u011f\u0131na, sadece Mutezile inanmaktad\u0131r. Bir kimsenin hay\u0131r duas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkas\u0131na fayda sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ittifak halindedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu husus Kur’an’da da sabittir. \u0130s\u00e2li’s-Sevab ve ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na vekaleten hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir i\u015f yapman\u0131n vekalet verene bir yarar sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 hususu, prensip olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, ayr\u0131nt\u0131larda ihtilaf vard\u0131r.
\na) \u0130s\u00e2li’s-Sevab; bir kimsenin hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir i\u015f yap\u0131p, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 amelin sevab\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na vermesi i\u00e7in Allah’a dua etmesidir. \u0130mam Malik ve \u0130mam \u015eafi, “sevab, sadece bedeni ibadetlerde (\u00f6rne\u011fin, namaz, Kur’an okumak vs.) ba\u015fkas\u0131na verilmez. Mali ibadetlerde (\u00f6rne\u011fin, sadaka vs.) ve mali-bedeni ibadetlerde (\u00f6rn. hacc) sevab ba\u015fkas\u0131na verilebilir.” Nitekim sahih hadislerde sadakan\u0131n ve vekaleten yap\u0131lan Hacc\u0131n sevablar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkas\u0131na intikalinin caiz oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr “\u0130s\u00e2l\u00fc’s-Sevab”\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu kabul etmekle birlikte, Hanefiler insan\u0131n herhangi bir amelinin sevab\u0131n\u0131 (\u00f6rn. namaz, hacc, umre, sadaka vs.) bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayabilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedirler.
\nT\u0131pk\u0131 bir i\u015f\u00e7inin, i\u015fverenden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin \u00fccretini kendisine de\u011fil de, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na vermesi i\u00e7in talepte bulunmas\u0131 gibi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla baz\u0131 hay\u0131rl\u0131 amelleri, is\u00e2l’\u00fc-sevab’dan istisna etmenin bir anlam\u0131 yoktur. Bu husus bir\u00e7ok hadisle de sabittir:
\nHz. Ai\u015fe, Ebu Hureyre, Cabir b. Abdullah, Ebu Rafi, Ebu Talha el-Ensari, Huzeyfe b. Useyd el-Gifari’nin ittifakla rivayet ettiklerine g\u00f6re Hz. Peygamber (s.a) , iki ko\u00e7 alarak, birini kendi ailesi, di\u011ferini de \u00fcmmeti i\u00e7in kesmi\u015ftir (Buhari, M\u00fcslim, \u0130mam Ahmed, \u0130bn Mace, Taberi, Hakim, \u0130bn Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe) .
\nHz. Ai\u015fe’den nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, bir \u015fah\u0131s Hz. Peygamber’e (s.a) gelerek \u015f\u00f6yle bir soru y\u00f6neltir: “Annem aniden vefat etti. San\u0131yorum, konu\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in vakit bulabilseydi, benden sadaka vermemi isteyecekti. \u015eayet ben, \u015fimdi onun yerine sadaka verirsem, bunun sevab\u0131 ona ula\u015f\u0131r m\u0131?” Ras\u00fblullah (s.a) “Ula\u015f\u0131r” diye cevap verdi. (Buhari, M\u00fcslim, \u0130mam Ahmed, Ebu Davud, Nesei) .
\nAbdullah b. Amr El-As \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor: “Dedem As b. Vail cahiliye d\u00f6neminde y\u00fcz deve kesmeyi adam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Amcam Hi\u015fam b. el-As’\u0131n pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen 50 deveyi kesmesi \u00fczerine, babam (Amr b. el-As) Hz. Peygamber’e (s.a) “Ben ne yapay\u0131m?” diye sordu. Hz. Peygamber de (s.a) “\u015eayet baban Tevhid’i kabul etmi\u015f idiyse, onun nam\u0131na oru\u00e7 tut ve sadaka ver. Bu ona yararl\u0131 olur.” \u015feklinde cevap verdi. (M\u00fcsned-i Ahmed)
\nHasan Basri’nin rivayetine g\u00f6re, Sa’d b. Ubade, Hz. Peygamber’e (s.a) ‘Annem vefat etmi\u015ftir. Onun yerine sadaka verebilir miyim?” diye sorunca, Ras\u00fblullah “evet” diye cevap vermi\u015ftir. (M\u00fcsned-i Ahmed, Ebu Davud, Nesei, \u0130bn Mace) Nitekim Ras\u00fblullah’\u0131n (s.a) \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131na sadaka verilmesine izin verdi\u011fine ve bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na dair bir\u00e7ok rivayet, Hz. Ai\u015fe, Ebu Hureyre, \u0130bn Abbas kanal\u0131yla Buhari, M\u00fcslim, \u0130mam Ahmed, Nesei, Tirmizi, Ebu Davud, \u0130bn Mace, gibi muhaddislerden nakledilmi\u015ftir.
\nBir \u015fah\u0131s, Hz. Peygamber’e (s.a) “Annem, babam hayatta iken onlara hizmet ederdim, \u015fimdi onlar \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re onlara nas\u0131l hizmet edebilirim” diye sorunca, Hz. Peygamber (s.a) “namaz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n zaman, onlar i\u00e7in de namaz k\u0131l, oru\u00e7 tuttu\u011funda, onlar i\u00e7in de oru\u00e7 tut. Bu onlar i\u00e7in hizmettir” dedi. (Darekutni) Yine Darekutni’nin, Hz. Ali’den nakletti\u011fi bir rivayete g\u00f6re, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: “\u015eayet bir kimse mezarl\u0131ktan ge\u00e7erken 11 defa \u0130lhas Suresi’ni okur ve \u00f6l\u00fclere ba\u011f\u0131\u015flarsa t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcler bu sevabdan yararlan\u0131r.”
\nBu bir\u00e7ok hadis, is\u00e2li’s-sevab’\u0131n, sadece sadaka ve Hacc-\u0131 Bedel’e mahsus olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her ibadet ve hay\u0131rl\u0131 ameli de kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teyid ediyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir amel aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131cal\u0131k yoktur. Fakat bu konuda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fu d\u00f6rt hususa dikkat edilmesi gerekir:
\n1) \u0130s\u00e2li’s-sevab ancak Allah r\u0131zas\u0131 i\u00e7in oldu\u011funda, \u015feriata uygunluk arzetti\u011finde kabul edilebilir. Aksi varit oldu\u011fu takdirde, bu kimse amelinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alamayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, ayr\u0131ca ceza da g\u00f6r\u00fcr. B\u00f6yle bir kimsenin amelinin, ba\u015fkas\u0131na fayda sa\u011flamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.
\n2) Salih kullar Allah nezdinde adeta bir misafir gibidirler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir kimse onlara dua etti\u011finde, bu dua kendilerine bir hediye olarak ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Su\u00e7lulara ise dua ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz, fakat onlara dua eden sevab kazan\u0131r. T\u0131pk\u0131 posta yolu ile para g\u00f6nderen kimsenin, para yerine ula\u015fmasa dahi, paras\u0131n\u0131 geri almas\u0131 gibi.
\n3) \u0130s\u00e2li’s-sevab m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ama, is\u00e2li’s-ceza (cezan\u0131n ba\u015fkas\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmesi) m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hi\u00e7kimse k\u00f6t\u00fc amellerinin cezas\u0131n\u0131, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na \u00e7ektiremez.
\n4) Ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na hay\u0131r dua etmenin ve salih amel i\u015flemenin iki yarar\u0131 vard\u0131r:
\nBirincisi; bu davran\u0131\u015f, dua eden kimsenin, ruh haline ve ahl\u00e2k\u0131na m\u00fcsbet tesir yapar ve bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla o ki\u015fi Allah kat\u0131nda m\u00fckafat almaya hak kazan\u0131r.
\n\u0130kincisi; Allah, yap\u0131lan amelden sevab g\u00f6nderilen kimseye m\u00fckafat verdi\u011fi gibi ayr\u0131ca ameli yapan \u015fahsa da m\u00fckafat verir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir sporcu yorucu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda kuvvet ve s\u0131hhat kazan\u0131r ve kazand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131na nakledemez. Fakat bu sporcu bir yerde g\u00f6revli olarak spor yap\u0131yor ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fccret al\u0131yorsa, s\u00f6zkonusu \u00fccret kul\u00fcp y\u00f6neticisi taraf\u0131ndan kendisine \u00f6denir. Ancak sporcu kendisinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccretin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda (annesine, babas\u0131na, hocas\u0131na) da verilmesini taleb edebilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir amel i\u015fleyen kimse sevab\u0131n, anne-babas\u0131na veya bir dostuna verilmesi i\u00e7in dua edebilir.
\nb) Bir kimsenin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 amelin, ba\u015fka birine de yarar sa\u011flamas\u0131 iki \u015fekilde de olabilir:
\n1) Bir kimse, ba\u015fka birinin iste\u011fi \u00fczerine, b\u00f6yle bir ameli yapar.
\n2) \u0130stese de istemese de, s\u00f6zkonusu vecibeyi yerine getiremedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, bir kimse bu \u015fahs\u0131n yerine o vecibeyi yerine getirir. Hanefi fukahas\u0131na g\u00f6re bu ameller \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r. 1) Namaz gibi bedeni ibadetler, 2) Zekat gibi mali ibadetler, 3) Hacc gibi mali-bedeni ibadetler. Birinci \u015f\u0131k vekalet yoluyla yerine getirilemez. \u0130kinci \u015f\u0131k vekaleten yerine getirilebilir. S\u00f6zgelimi bir kimse, han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ziynetleri (m\u00fccevherleri) i\u00e7in zekat verebilir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015f\u0131k ise, kendisine vekalet edilen \u015fahs\u0131n ge\u00e7ici olmay\u0131p devaml\u0131 bir acziyet i\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011fu takdirde yerine getirilebilir.
\nS\u00f6zgelimi Hacca gitmeye s\u0131hhati elvermeyen ve b\u00f6yle bir \u00fcmidi de bulunmayan kimse ad\u0131na hacca gidilebilir. Bu konuda Malik\u00ee ve \u015eafi\u00eeler de ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ftedirler. \u0130mam Malik, Hacc-\u0131 Bedel konusunda baba o\u011fluna vasiyet ederse, o\u011flu kendisi yerine hacca gidebilir. Aksi takdirde gidemez demektedir. Ancak hadisler bu konuda sahihtir. Baban\u0131n vasiyeti olsa da olmasa da o\u011flu babas\u0131 yerine hacca gidebilir.
\n\u0130bn Abbas’dan rivayet edildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Has’am Kabilesinden bir kad\u0131n, Hz. Peygamber’e (s.a) \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: “Babama hacc\u0131n farziyeti, kendisi \u00e7ok ya\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve deve \u00fczerinde dik oturamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanda ula\u015ft\u0131.” Bunun \u00fczerine Hz. Peygamber (s.a) “o halde onun yerine hacca sen git” diye buyurdu. (Buhari, M\u00fcslim, \u0130mam Ahmed, Nesei, Tirmizi) Hemen hemen yakla\u015f\u0131k ifadelerle ayn\u0131 hadis, Hz. Ali’den de rivayet edilmi\u015ftir. (\u0130mam Ahmed, Tirmizi) .
\nAbdullah \u0130bn Z\u00fcbeyr’in rivayet etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, Has’am kabilesinden bir erkek, Ras\u00fblullah’a, ya\u015fl\u0131 babas\u0131yla ilgili olarak, “Onun yerine ben hacca gidebilir miyim?” diye sordu. Ras\u00fblullah, “Sen onun en b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu musun?” diye sorunca, o “evet” dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine Ras\u00fblullah, “Baban\u0131n borcu olsayd\u0131 \u015fayet, onun borcunu \u00f6deyecek miydin?” diye sordu. “Evet” cevab\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131nca, “Baban\u0131n yerine hacca gidebilirsin” dedi. (M\u00fcsned-i Ahmed, Nesei)
\nAbdullah b. Abbas’\u0131n rivayet etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, C\u00fcheyn\u00ee kabilesinden bir kad\u0131n, Ras\u00fblullah’a, “Annem hacca gitmeye niyet etti\u011fi halde, gidemeden vefat etmi\u015ftir. Ben onun yerine hacca gidebilir miyim?” diye sordu. Ras\u00fblullah, “\u015eayet annenin borcu olsayd\u0131 onun borcunu \u00f6deyecek miydin?” diye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verdi. “Evet” cevab\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131nca “O zaman nas\u0131l kullar\u0131n borcunu \u00f6d\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, Allah’\u0131n borcunu da \u00f6deyin. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc O kendisiyle yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ahdin yerine getirilmesine daha m\u00fcstehakt\u0131r” diye buyurdu. (Buhari, Nesei) . Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Buhari ve M\u00fcsned-i Ahmed’de kay\u0131tl\u0131 bir ba\u015fka rivayete g\u00f6re bir kimse, k\u0131zkarde\u015fi hakk\u0131nda Ras\u00fblullah’a b\u00f6yle bir soru sorunca, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a) kendisine yukar\u0131daki cevab\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.
\nYukar\u0131da zikredilen hadislerden, mal\u00ee-beden\u00ee ibadetlerin bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilmesinin caiz oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bedeni ibadetlere gelince, baz\u0131 hadislerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re onlar da, vekaleten icra edilebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u0130bn Abbas’\u0131n rivayet etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, C\u00fcheyni kabilesinden bir kad\u0131na, Ras\u00fblullah, “Annem oru\u00e7 tutmaya niyet etti\u011fi halde, tutamadan vefat etmi\u015ftir.
\nBen onun yerine tutabilir miyim?” diye sorunca, Ras\u00fblullah “Annen i\u00e7in oru\u00e7 tut” diye cevap verir. (Buhari, M\u00fcslim, \u0130mam Ahmed, Nesei, Ebu Davud)
\nHz. Buriyde’nin rivayet etti\u011fine g\u00f6re bir kad\u0131n, annesiyle ilgili olarak, Ras\u00fblullah’a “Annemin bir ay (ba\u015fka bir rivayete g\u00f6re iki ay) oru\u00e7 borcu vard\u0131r. Ben onun yerine oru\u00e7 tutabilir miyim?” diye sordu\u011funda Ras\u00fblullah (s.a) ona izin vermi\u015ftir. (M\u00fcsned-i Ahmed, Tirmizi, Ebu Davud) . Hz. Ai\u015fe’nin rivayet etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a) “\u00d6len bir kimsenin oru\u00e7 borcu varsa, velileri onun yerine oru\u00e7 tutsun” diye buyurmu\u015ftur. (Buhari, M\u00fcslim, \u0130mam Ahmed, Bezzar’\u0131n nakletti\u011fi rivayette, Ras\u00fblullah’\u0131n (s.a) s\u00f6zleri “isterlerse oru\u00e7 tutsunlar” \u015feklindedir) Bu hadislere dayanarak hadis imamlar\u0131, \u0130mam Evzai ve Zahiriyye mezhebi, bedeni ibadetlerin vekaleten icra edilebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedirler. Ebu Hanife, \u015eafi\u00ee, Malik ve Zeyd b. Ali ise “\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn orucu tutulamaz” diye fetva vermi\u015flerdir. \u0130mam Ahmed, \u0130mam Leys ve \u0130shak b. Rahaveyh “Vefat eden kimse, niyet etti\u011fi halde yerine getiremedi\u011fi takdirde bu ameli ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n icra etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr” diye beyan etmi\u015flerdir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 olanlar\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 delil, yukar\u0131daki hadisleri rivayet eden kimselerin, rivayet ettikleri hadisin beyan etti\u011fi tutuma muhalif fetva vermi\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6zgelimi, \u0130bn Abbas “Ba\u015fkas\u0131 i\u00e7in namaz k\u0131lmay\u0131n oru\u00e7 tutmay\u0131n” (Nesei) diye fetva vermi\u015ftir. Abdurrezzak, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u0130bn \u00d6mer’den de b\u00f6yle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f nakletmektedir. T\u00fcm bu rivayetlere g\u00f6re, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta izin verildi\u011fi konuda Hz. Peygamber’den (s.a) hadis rivayet eden sahabinin, sonradan rivayet ettikleri hadisin hilaf\u0131na fetva vermeleri nas\u0131l m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir?
\n\u015eu husus iyice bilinmelidir ki, vekaleten ibadet, ancak s\u00f6zkonusu ibadete niyet ettikleri halde, birtak\u0131m zorunluluklar nedeniyle yerine getirme f\u0131rsat\u0131 elde edemeyen kimselere bir yarar sa\u011flayabilir. Aksi takdirde \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca hacca gitmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyen bir kimse i\u00e7in binlerce kez hacca gidilse bile, ona bir yarar\u0131 olmaz. Ayn\u0131 husus borcu olan kimseler i\u00e7in de b\u00f6yledir. Nitekim \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca borcunu \u00f6demeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyen bir kimse, bor\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu halde vefat etse ve vefat\u0131ndan sonra bu \u015fahs\u0131n borcunu ba\u015fkalar\u0131 \u00f6dese bile Allah kat\u0131nda o kimse yine bor\u00e7lu kabul edilir. Bu \u015fah\u0131s, ya\u015farken borcunu \u00f6demeyi istemi\u015f ama \u00f6deyememi\u015f olursa ve onun yerine bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 borcunu \u00f6derse o takdirde b\u00f6yle bir g\u00fcnahdan kurtulabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun. 36- Yoksa Musa’n\u0131n sahifelerinde olan kendisine haber verilmedi mi? 37- Ve vefa eden(36) \u0130brahim’in (sahifelerinde) olan da. 38- Do\u011frusu, hi\u00e7 bir g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnah y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcklenmez.(37) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":26070,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"yoast_head":"\nEBU\u2019L A\u2019L\u00c2 MEVDUD\u0130\u2019N\u0130N (RH.A.) BAKI\u015e A\u00c7ISIYLA NECM SURES\u0130 36. VE 39. AYETLER Nedir? • Ebrar Medya<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-necm-suresi-36-ve-39-ayetler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"EBU\u2019L A\u2019L\u00c2 MEVDUD\u0130\u2019N\u0130N (RH.A.) BAKI\u015e A\u00c7ISIYLA NECM SURES\u0130 36. VE 39. AYETLER Nedir? • Ebrar Medya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun. 36- Yoksa Musa’n\u0131n sahifelerinde olan kendisine haber verilmedi mi? 37- Ve vefa eden(36) \u0130brahim’in (sahifelerinde) olan da. 38- Do\u011frusu, hi\u00e7 bir g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnah y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcklenmez.(37) […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-necm-suresi-36-ve-39-ayetler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ebrar Medya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ebrarmedyacom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-11-01T08:08:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/MEVDUDI_TASLAK.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1110\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"450\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"EBRAR MEDYA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ebrarmedyacom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ebrarmedyacom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"EBRAR MEDYA\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-necm-suresi-36-ve-39-ayetler\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/ebul-ala-mevdudinin-rh-a-bakis-acisiyla-necm-suresi-36-ve-39-ayetler\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"EBRAR MEDYA\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/465b3fc234a943bf45881579159c57d6\"},\"headline\":\"EBU\u2019L A\u2019L\u00c2 MEVDUD\u0130\u2019N\u0130N (RH.A.) 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