B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah(Celle Celaluhu)\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun.<\/strong><\/p>\n

267-<\/strong> Ey iman edenler, kazand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ve sizin i\u00e7in yerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u00add\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n helal ve temiz olanlar\u0131ndan Allah i\u00e7in harcay\u0131n. Ancak g\u00f6z\u00fc\u00adn\u00fcz kapal\u0131 iken alabilece\u011finiz k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyleri sadaka olarak vermeyin. Bilin ki Allah hi\u00e7bir \u015feye muhta\u00e7 de\u011fildir, \u00f6v\u00fclmeye lay\u0131k oland\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ey, Allah\u0131 ve Resul\u00fcn\u00fc tasdik edenler, ticaretten kazanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funuz mallar\u0131n\u0131zdan, elinizde bulunanlar\u0131n en iyi ve g\u00fczellerinden Allah yolunda harcay\u0131n. Yerden sizin i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz meyve ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mahsullerden de infak edin. Verece\u011finiz \u015feyin k\u00f6t\u00fclerini vermeyin, iyilerini verin. Sizler, hak\u00adk\u0131n\u0131z olan \u015feyleri almak istedi\u011finiz de, sadaka olarak verdi\u011finiz bu k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyleri ancak g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz kapal\u0131 olursa al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Yani g\u00f6n\u00fcl ho\u015flu\u011fu ile de\u011fil, istemeyerek al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. O halde kendiniz i\u00e7in istemedi\u011finiz bir \u015feyi, Allah r\u0131zas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir fakire vermeye g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fcz nas\u0131l raz\u0131 olur? Bilin ki Allah\u0131n, sizin sadakalar\u0131n\u0131za hi\u00e7 ihti\u00adyac\u0131 yoktur. Allah, yaratt\u0131klar\u0131na bolca l\u00fctufta bulunmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u00f6v\u00fclmeye lay\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c2yet-i kerimede ge\u00e7en ve “Allah i\u00e7in harcay\u0131n.” diye terc\u00fcme edilen ifadesinden maksat, “Zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 verin ve tasaddukta bulun.” demektir.<\/p>\n

\u00c2yet-i kerimede ge\u00e7en ve “Helal ve temiz olanlar\u0131ndan” \u015feklinde terc\u00fcme edilen ifadesinden maksat, Abdullah b. Abbas g\u00f6re “Mallar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n en g\u00fczel ve en de\u011ferlilerinden” demektir. M\u00fccahid, S\u00fcddi ve Hz. Aliye g\u00f6re ise “Alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f”ten demektir. Yani, ticaret yaparak veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ften zek\u00e2t verin, tasaddukta bulunun” demektir.<\/p>\n

\u00c2yet-i kerimede “Yerden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z” diye zikredilen ifadeden mak\u00adsat, Hz. Aliye g\u00f6re, hububat, meyve, kendisinden zekat verilmesi icabeden her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mahsuld\u00fcr. M\u00fccahidden nakledilen bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, hurma, di\u011fer bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u00ad\u015fe g\u00f6re ise sadece meyvedir.” S\u00fcddiden nakledilen ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re ise bu\u00adrada “Yerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zikredilen” \u015feyden maksat, hurma ve hububatt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Taberi, burada ifade edilen “Yerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan \u015fey”den maksad\u0131n hurma, \u00fcz\u00fcm, bu\u011fday, Arpa ve kendilerinden zekat verilmesi gereken b\u00fct\u00fcn bitkiler ol\u00addu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ayet-i kerimede: “K\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyleri sadaka olarak vermeyin.” buyrulmaktad\u0131r. Bu ifadede zikredilen ve “K\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyler” diye terc\u00fcme edilen kelimesi m\u00fcfessirler taraf\u0131ndan iki \u015fekilde izah edilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

a-<\/strong> Bera b. \u00c2zib, Ali b. Ebi Talib, Ebu \u00dcmame b. Sehl. Katade ve M\u00fcca\u00adhide g\u00f6re burada zikredilen kelimesinden maksat, mal\u0131n \u00e2disi ve k\u00f6-t\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Allah teala bu \u00e2yette kendilerine farz k\u0131l\u0131nan zekat\u0131 veren m\u00fcminlere zekat\u0131 verirken mallar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fclerini vermemelerini emretmi\u015ftir. Bu hususta Be\u00adra b. Azib diyor ki: “Art\u0131k bundan sonra birimiz bir \u015fey tasadduk etmek istedi\u00ad\u011finde elinde bulunan\u0131n en g\u00fczelini vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu hususta Hz. Ali ise \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: “Bu \u00e2yet-i kerime, farz olan zekat hakk\u0131nda nazil olmu\u015ftur. \u0130nsanlar, hurmalar\u0131 toplad\u0131ktan sonra iyi olanla\u00adr\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Zekat memuru geldi\u011finde ona k\u00f6t\u00fclerinden veriyorlard\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bunun \u00fczerine, Aziz ve Celil olan Allah, “K\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyleri sadaka olarak vermeyin.”buyurdu.<\/p>\n

b-<\/strong> \u0130bn-i Zeyd ise demi\u015ftir ki: “Bu \u00e2yette zikredilen den maksat, haram olan mallar demektir. Allah teala, ki\u015fiye haram olan mallar\u0131ndan infak et\u00admesini yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira Allah, temizdir ve ancak helah ve temiz olanlar\u0131 ka\u00adbul eder.”<\/p>\n

Taberi birinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc tercih etmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sahabiler ve di\u011fer m\u00fcfessir\u00adler, bu ifadeyi bu \u015fekilde izah etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

\u00c2yet-i kerimede ge\u00e7en ve “Ancak g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz kapal\u0131 iken alabilece\u011finiz.” \u015feklinde terc\u00fcme edilen ifadesi m\u00fcfessirler taraf\u0131n\u00addan \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde izah edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

a- <\/strong>Hz. Ali, S\u00fcddi, Abdullah b. Abbas, M\u00fccahid, Reb’ b. Enes ve Dehhak-tan nakledilen bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, onlar bu ifadeyi \u015fu \u015fekilde izah etmi\u015flerdir: “Si\u00adzin, ba\u015fkalar\u0131nda alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olsayd\u0131, size verecekleri k\u00f6t\u00fc mallan ancak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011ferde tutup fazlas\u0131n\u0131 isterdiniz” demektir. Yani, kendinizin ba\u015fkalar\u0131nda ala\u00adca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011funda k\u00f6t\u00fc mallar\u0131 kabul etmezsiniz. De\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tutars\u0131n\u0131z. Alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z miktardan daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 istersiniz. O halde, mallar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00fczerinize bor\u00e7 olan zekatlar\u0131 verirken, onlar\u0131 alma hakk\u0131na sahip olan fakirlere, mallar\u0131n\u0131\u00adz\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l verirsiniz? Abdullah b. Abbas, \u00e2yetin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn izah\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: “\u015eayet sizin bir kimsede alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olsa o da size, hakk\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6derken k\u00f6t\u00fc mal verecek olsa, siz onu, iyi mal\u0131n yerine almazs\u0131n\u0131z, de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. O halde ey insanlar, sizler, kendiniz i\u00e7in raz\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u015feyi, benim r\u0131zam\u0131 kazanmak i\u00e7in nas\u0131l verebilirsiniz? Halbuki benim, sizin \u00fczeriniz\u00addeki hakk\u0131m, mallar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n en g\u00fczeli ve en de\u011ferlisidir. Abdullah b. Abbas diyor ki: “Allah teala, bunu \u015fu kelam\u0131yla ifade buyurmu\u015ftur: “Sevdi\u011finiz \u015feylerden Allah i\u00e7in harcamad\u0131k\u00e7a asla iyili\u011fe eri\u015femezsiniz.<\/p>\n

b-<\/strong> Hasan-\u0131 Basri ve Katadeden nakledilen bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re \u00e2yetiirbu b\u00f6l\u00fc\u00adm\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir: “Sizler, bu k\u00f6t\u00fc mallan, ba\u015fka birinden sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman, ancak onlar\u0131n de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek sat\u0131n al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. O halde bu k\u00f6t\u00fc mallan, nas\u0131l tam de\u011ferinde kabul ederek zekat verirsiniz.?<\/p>\n

c-<\/strong> Bera b. \u00c2zibden nakledilen ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, bu ifadeden maksat \u015fudur: “\u015eayet sizlere, k\u00f6t\u00fc mallar hediye edilecek olsayd\u0131, sizler onu g\u00f6n\u00fcl ho\u015f\u00adlu\u011fu ile de\u011fil istemeyerek ve utand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan dolay\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc kapayarak al\u0131rd\u0131\u00adn\u0131z. O halde bu gibi mallan ba\u015fkalar\u0131na zek\u00e2t olarak nas\u0131l verirsiniz?<\/p>\n

d-<\/strong> \u0130bn-i Ma’kilden nakledilen di\u011fer bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe bu ifadeden maksat \u015fudur: “Sizlerin, ba\u015fkalar\u0131nda alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olsa k\u00f6t\u00fc mallar\u0131, ancak hakkinizin yenildi\u011fi\u00adni belirterek al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. 0 haide bu gibi k\u00f6t\u00fc mallar\u0131 zekat olarak ba\u015fkalar\u0131na nas\u0131l verirsiniz?<\/p>\n

e-<\/strong> \u0130bn-i Zeyde g\u00f6re ise bu ifadenin m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131 \u015fudur: “Sizler, kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u00addan haram olanlar\u0131 zekat ve sadaka olarak vermeyin. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sizler, bu gibi ha\u00adram \u015feyleri ancak g\u00fcnah\u0131na g\u00f6z yumarak al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. O halele b\u00f6yle mallan ba\u015fka\u00adlar\u0131na vermeyin.<\/p>\n

Taberi diyor ki: “Bize g\u00f6re \u00e2yetin izah\u0131na en uygun olan tefsir \u015funu s\u00f6y\u00adlemek olur. “Aziz ve Celil olan Allah, bu \u00e2yet-\u0130 kerimesiyle kullar\u0131n\u0131 tasaddukta bulunmaya ve mallar\u0131nda zek\u00e2t vermeye te\u015fvik etmi\u015f ve zk\u00e2t vermeyi kullar\u0131na farz k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Allah tealan\u0131n, zenginlerin mallan i\u00e7in, \u00fczerlerine farz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zek\u00e2t, ona lay\u0131k olanlar\u0131n hakk\u0131d\u0131r. O hak sahipleri, zek\u00e2t verenlerin orta\u011f\u0131 gibi\u00addir. Nas\u0131l ki ortaklardan biri, ortak olan mallar\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc almay\u0131 kabul et\u00admezse, zekat\u0131 hak edenlere de o mal\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc veremez. Ortaklardan biri b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi kabul etmesi i\u00e7in ya verilen mal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011ferde tutacakt\u0131r yahut da iste\u00admeyerek kabul edecektir. Bu itibarla, kendilerine zekat verilenlerin durumu da \u00f6yle olacakt\u0131r. O halde, Allah\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 kazanmak isteyen sizler, orta\u011f\u0131na hak\u00ads\u0131zl\u0131k yapacak olan kimsenin durumuna d\u00fc\u015fmeyin,<\/p>\n

Taberi diyor ki “Mallar\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc vermenin yasak olmas\u0131, zekat gibi, verilmesi farz olan mal\u00ee y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusudur. Teberruda bulunan kimsenin b\u00f6yle bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yoktur. Her ne kadar, teberruda bulunan kim\u00adsenin de, mal\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fczelini vermesinin uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 kanaatinde isem de, ben, b\u00f6yle bir kimseye mal\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc vermesinin haram oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleye\u00admem. Zira, mal\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcnden teberru eden, daha fazla miktarda verebilir, yok\u00adsullar da daha fazla faydalanm\u0131\u015f olur.Nitekim bu hususta Ubeyde es-Selaminin \u015funu s\u00f6yledi\u011fi rivayet edilmi\u015ftir. “Bu \u00e2yet, zekat hakk\u0131nda nazil olmu\u015ftur. Ki\u015fi teberruda bulunurken hurma da verebilir, de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck para da. Asl\u0131nda, de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck para hurmadan daha evlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

268-<\/strong> \u015eeytan sizi, fakirlikle korkutur ve s\u00eeze hayas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 emreder. Al\u00adlah ise size kat\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama ve l\u00fctuf vaadediyor. Allah, l\u00fctf\u00fc geni\u015f olan ve her \u015feyi bilendir.<\/p>\n

Ey insanlar, \u015eeytan sizi “E\u011fer Allah yolunda harcarsan\u0131z fakir d\u00fc\u015fersi\u00adniz.” diye korkutur. Sizlere, Allaha isyan etmeyi ve ona itaati terkedip hayas\u0131z olmay\u0131 emreder. Allah ise sizlere, harcamalar\u0131n\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n affedilece\u011fini ve taraf\u0131ndan bir l\u00fctuf olarak az\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bol verece\u011fini vaadeder. Allah, l\u00fctf\u00fc bol olan, kimin ikrama lay\u0131k oldu\u011funu \u00e7ok iyi bilendir.<\/p>\n

* Abdullah b. Mes’ud diyor ki” “Resulullah (s.a.v.) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/p>\n

“\u00c2demo\u011flunun kalbine \u015feytan da bir \u015fey sokar melek te. \u015eeytan\u0131n soktu\u00ad\u011fu \u015feyler, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckler vaadetmek ve hakk\u0131 yal anlatmakt\u0131r. Mele\u011fin soktu\u011fu \u015fey ise, hay\u0131rl\u0131 \u00fcmitler vaadetmek ve hakk\u0131 tasdik ettirmektir. Kim, kendisinde bu durumu hissederse bilsin ki bu, Allah taraf\u0131ndandir. Bundan dolay\u0131 Allaha ham-detsin. Kim de di\u011ferini hissederse, kavulan \u015feytan\u0131n \u015ferrinden Allaha s\u0131\u011f\u0131ns\u0131n.” ve sonra bu \u00e2yeti okdu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah(Celle Celaluhu)\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun. 267- Ey iman edenler, kazand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ve sizin i\u00e7in yerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u00add\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n helal ve temiz olanlar\u0131ndan Allah i\u00e7in harcay\u0131n. Ancak g\u00f6z\u00fc\u00adn\u00fcz kapal\u0131 iken alabilece\u011finiz k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyleri sadaka olarak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":38470,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"yoast_head":"\n