C\u00eehad Ve Cihad\u0131n Farz K\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Genel Bir A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mademki, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma bizi cihad ve sava\u015f hakk\u0131nda bahset\u00adme noktas\u0131na kadar getirecek, o halde burada cihad\u0131n kendisi, me\u015f\u00adruiyeti ve ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6nemler \u00fczerinde do\u011fru ve sa\u011flam g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00adlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in bir miktar durmam\u0131z, gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n nazar\u0131nda, kendilerini korkuya salan ve deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren \u0130sl\u00e2m esaslar\u0131n\u0131n en tehlikelisinin cihad oldu\u011funu okuyucu \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi zaman; onlar\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini, \u00f6zellikle ci\u00adhad\u0131n me\u015fruiyeti hususunda odakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131na \u015fa\u015fmayacak!… \u0130s\u00adl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi anl\u0131yorlar ki, cihad ruhu yeniden m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n g\u00f6nl\u00fcnde alevlenir ve m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hayat\u0131nda tekrar stki sahibi olursa, o zaman, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee hareketle cihad\u0131n kazanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemi hi\u00e7bir kuvvet durduramayacakt\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131 da bu nok\u00adtada yap\u0131lacak ilk i\u015f o \u0130sl\u00e2m selini durdurmak olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biz bu a\u00e7\u0131klamada; \u00f6nce cihad\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131, \u0130sl\u00e2m’daki gayesini, ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi merhaleleri ve nihayet en son karar k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 merhaleyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00adlayaca\u011f\u0131z. Daha sonra da onun anlam\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f safsatalar\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 olan taksimat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cihad\u0131n anlam\u0131na gelince: O \u00eesl\u00e2m\u00ee toplumu kurmak ve Allah kelimesini y\u00fckseltmek i\u00e7in bu u\u011furda gayret sarfetmek demektir. Sava\u015farak gayret g\u00f6stermek cihad t\u00fcrlerinden biridir. \u0130sl\u00e2m’da ci\u00adhad\u0131n gayesi ise yine \u0130sl\u00e2m toplumunu kurmak ve ger\u00e7ek \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee devleti olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r…<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cihad\u0131n ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6nemlere gelince, ger\u00e7ekten cihad bildi\u011fimiz gibi \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 ile birlikte, bu u\u011furda\u00adki s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve zorluklara katlanmakla yetinmek olmu\u015ftu. Sonradan bunun yan\u0131na – Hicretin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ile birlikte – savunma sava\u015f\u0131, y\u00e2\u00adni her sald\u0131r\u0131ya ayn\u0131yla cevab vermek me\u015fru k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu d\u00f6nemden sonra, m\u00fc\u015friklerden, puta tapanlardan, ink\u00e2rc\u0131lardan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmelerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fart kabul etmemek \u00fczere; \u0130sl\u00e2m toplumunu kurma yolunda engel olarak du\u00adran her ki\u015fiyle sava\u015fmak farz k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Puta tap\u0131c\u0131lann, ink\u00e2rc\u0131lar\u0131n ve m\u00fc\u015friklerin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 ink\u00e2rc\u0131l\u0131k veya puta tap\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k fikri, \u0130sl\u00e2m toplumuyla uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131 imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu yol se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Ama kitab ehlinin durumu biraz daha farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Ki-tab ehlinin \u0130sl\u00e2m toplumuna boyun e\u011fmesi ve m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ver\u00addi\u011fi zek\u00e2t\u0131n yerine \u201ccizye\u201d diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan vergiyi \u0130sl\u00e2m devle\u00adtine \u00f6demesi \u015fart\u0131yla, onlar\u0131n \u0130sl\u00e2m devletinin h\u00e2kimiyetini kabul etmesi k\u00e2fidir…<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu merhale ile \u0130sl\u00e2m’daki cihad h\u00fckm\u00fc son \u015feklini ald\u0131. Bu du\u00adruma g\u00f6re-, her as\u0131rda ya\u015fayan m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ba\u015fta gelen \u00f6devi, kendilerinde yeterli gu\u00e7 ve sava\u015f malzemesi bulundu\u011fu takdirde ci\u00adhad etmektir. Bu son merhale hakk\u0131nda Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak \u015f\u00f6yle buyu\u00adruyor: \u00abEy \u00eeman edenler! Yak\u0131n\u0131zda bulunan ink\u00e2rc\u0131larla sava\u015f\u0131n, sizi kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 sert bulsunlar. Biliniz ki, Allah muhakkak takva sahipleriyle beraberdir^{[1]<\/sup><\/a>[91]<\/sup>\u00bb. Yine ayn\u0131 konuda Peygamber Efen\u00addimiz \u015f\u00f6yle buyuruyor: \u00abBana \u00abL\u00e2 ilahe illallah\u00bb diyene kadar insan\u00adlarla sava\u015fmam emredildi. Kim \u015fehadet kelimesini s\u00f6ylerse, mal\u0131n\u0131 ve can\u0131n\u0131 benden korumu\u015f olur. Gizli olarak ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcfr\u00fcn, g\u00fcna\u00adh\u0131n hesab\u0131 Allah’a aittir[2]<\/sup><\/a>[92]<\/sup>\u00bb.<\/p>\n}

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buradan da anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki; Allah yolundaki cihad\u0131, savunma har\u00adbi ve h\u00fccum harbi diye ikiye ay\u0131rman\u0131n bir anlam\u0131 yoktur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc cihad\u0131n me\u015fru k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sebebi ne sadece h\u00fccum, ne de sadece savun\u00admad\u0131r. As\u0131l sebeb, \u0130sl\u00e2m toplumunu, b\u00fct\u00fcn prensip ve sistemiyle kurma ihtiyac\u0131d\u0131r. Bundan sonra, art\u0131k cihad\u0131n h\u00fccum veya savun\u00adma \u015feklinde olmas\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131 yoktur…<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Me\u015fru savunma sava\u015fma gelince; o bir M\u00fcsluman\u0131n mal\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fc, namusunu ve hayat\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131 gibi bir \u015feydir. Bu sa\u00advunma \u0130sl\u00e2m f\u0131kh\u0131ndaki cihad terimiyle al\u00e2kas\u0131 olmayan, sava\u015fla\u00adr\u0131n bir ba\u015fka t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Buna \u00absald\u0131rgana kar\u015f\u0131 savunma\u00bb ad\u0131 verilir. \u0130sl\u00e2m fak\u00eehleri, f\u0131k\u0131h kitablar\u0131nda bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm ay\u0131r\u00adm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn s\u00f6zde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, konumuz olan cihadla bu sal\u00add\u0131r\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 nefs m\u00fcdafaas\u0131n\u0131 birbirine \u00e7ok kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlar. Hayret do\u011frusu!..<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130sl\u00e2m \u015feriat\u0131nda, cihad\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131n ve amac\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zeti i\u015fte bu\u00addur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cihad \u00fczerinde yalan dolanla yap\u0131lan ele\u015ftirilere ve safsatalara gelince; g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re bunlar, \u00e7eli\u015fkili iki nazariye olarak kendini g\u00f6stermektedir. Fakat her ikisi de ger\u00e7ekte ve i\u015fin hakikat\u0131nda bir\u00adbiriyle uyum i\u00e7indedirler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her ikisinde de cihad\u0131n me\u015fruiye\u00adtini temelinden ortadan kald\u0131rmay\u0131 hedef alan m\u00fc\u015fterek bir tav\u0131r vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Birinci nazariye, isl\u00e2m’\u0131n ancak k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 zoruyla yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Hz. Peygamber’in ve ashab\u0131n\u0131n dini zorla kabul ettirme yolunu se\u00e7tik\u00adlerini, iddia eder. Bu nazariyeye g\u00f6re Hz, Peygamber’in ve ashab\u0131n\u0131n eliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00eesl\u00e2mi fetihler zorbal\u0131kt\u0131r. O’nun ve ashab\u0131n\u0131n eliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00eesl\u00e2mi fetihler, fikir ve ikna fethi de\u011fildi^{[3]<\/sup><\/a>[93]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n}

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130kinci nazariyeye gelince, o da tamamen bunun aksini s\u00f6yl\u00fc\u00adyor. Y\u00e2ni \u0130sl\u00e2m dini, sevgi ve bar\u0131\u015f dinidir. Bu dinde cihad ancak sald\u0131rgan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 geri p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmek i\u00e7in me\u015fru k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fcsl\u00fc\u00admanlar, buna mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a ve etraflar\u0131 tamamen ku\u015fat\u0131l-mad\u0131k\u00e7a sava\u015fa ba\u015fvurmazlar.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu iki nazariye yukar\u0131da da dedi\u011fimiz gibi birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fkili olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, yine de, \u0130sl\u00e2m’a fikri sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunan \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 her ikisinden de muayyen bir gayeye varmak istiyorlar. Asl\u0131nda o iki nazariyeden bir gaye kasdedilmi\u015ftir. \u00ee\u015fte bunun izah\u0131 \u015fudur:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00eesl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 \u00f6nce, \u0130sl\u00e2m dininin gayr-i m\u00fcslimlere kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131rgan ve kindar bir din oldu\u011funu piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcp etrafa yay\u00add\u0131lar. Sonra onlar, bu \u015fayian\u0131n m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar taraf\u0131ndan reaksiyon\u00adla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131ndan ve \u0130sl\u00e2m hakk\u0131nda ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bu haks\u0131z it\u00adhama verilecek cevaptan \u00e7\u0131kacak neticeyi beklediler.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bu as\u0131ls\u0131z iddiaya kar\u015f\u0131 cevab vermeye y\u00f6nelir\u00adken, yine o \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131ndan bir grub, uzun ve yorucu ara\u015f\u00adt\u0131rmadan sonra; kalk\u0131p \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131 savunur g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye ve bu haks\u0131z itham\u0131 \u015f\u00f6ylece reddetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u00eesl\u00e2m dini di\u011ferlerinin dedi\u011fi gibi k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, m\u0131zrak ve sald\u0131r\u0131 dini de\u011fildir. Bil\u00e2kis o, bunlar\u0131n tama\u00admen aksine, sevgi ve bar\u0131\u015f dinidir. \u0130sl\u00e2m’da cihad ancak zaruret \u00e2n\u0131nda ve sald\u0131rgan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 geri p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmek i\u00e7in me\u015fru k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\u00adt\u0131r. Yoksa m\u00fcs\u00ee\u00fcmanlar kendi dinlerini ya\u015famaya imk\u00e2n bulduk\u00adlar\u0131 s\u00fcrece sava\u015fa arzu duymazlar!.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bir k\u0131s\u0131m saf m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, \u00f6ndeki \u00e7irkin iftiran\u0131n etkisiyle, bu \u00abg\u00fczel\u00bb savunma bi\u00e7imini uzunca alk\u0131\u015flad\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131n bu savun\u00admalar\u0131, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yap\u0131lan iftiray\u0131 reddetmek i\u00e7in haz\u0131r hale gel\u00admi\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6n\u00fcllerde h\u00fcsn-\u00fc kabul g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bunun \u00fczerine, bu basit m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, onlar\u0131n bu savunma \u015feklini desteklemeye ve tasdik etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Di\u011ferinin ard\u0131ndan onlar\u0131n dedikleri gibi,’ \u0130sl\u00e2m dininin, fiil\u00ee olarak bar\u0131\u015f ve sulh dini oldu\u011funu; \u0130sl\u00e2m diya\u00adr\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunulmad\u0131k\u00e7a ve onun s\u00fck\u00fbnetini ve rahat\u0131n\u0131 boz\u00admad\u0131k\u00e7a, ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla herhangi bir i\u015fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tez olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00add\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu saf m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, istenilen sonucun bu oldu\u011funun fark\u0131na bile varmad\u0131lar. H\u00e2lbuki birinci \u015faiay\u0131 ortaya at\u0131p sonra ikincisini etrafa yayan ki\u015filerin gizlice \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 gaye bu idi.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 As\u0131l maksad, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n zihnindeki cihad fikrini silip at\u00admak ve g\u00f6n\u00fcllerindeki co\u015fkun ruhu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekle sonu\u00e7lanan \u00e7e\u015fitli metod ve yollar\u0131 denemektir…<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biz buna \u015fahit olarak arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z Dr. Vehbet\u00fb’z-Zuhayli’n\u00fc\u0131 \u00ab\u00ces\u00e2ru’l-Harb\u00ee fi F\u0131kh\u0131\u2019l isl\u00e2m\u00ee\u00bb adl\u0131 kitab\u0131ndan, \u0130ngiliz M\u00fcste\u015friki Anderson ile aralar\u0131nda ge\u00e7en konu\u015fmay\u0131 buraya alaca\u011f\u0131z. Dr. ez-Zuhayli diyor ki:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00abBat\u0131l\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle \u0130ngilizler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda cihad fik\u00adrinin yeniden uyanmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok tedirgindir. Onlar m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n s\u00f6zlerinin biraraya gelmemesini istiyorlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir\u00adse m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na dikilirler. Bunun i\u00e7in Ci\u00adhad h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn nesholundu\u011funu g\u00fcndeme getirmeye u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yorlar. Y\u00fcce Allah kalblerinde iman ta\u015f\u0131mayanlar hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur ve bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyar: \u00ab\u0130nananlar; \u00abKeski bir s\u00fbre in-dirilse de, cihada \u00e7\u0131ksak\u00bb derlerdi. “Fakat kesin anlaml\u0131 bir s\u00fbre in\u00addirilip, orada sava\u015f zikredilince; kalblerinde hastal\u0131k olanlar\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00fcm korkusuyla bay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kimselerin bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 gibi sana (Hz. Peygamber’e) bakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn…^{[4]<\/sup><\/a>[94]<\/sup>\u00bb. Ben \u0130ngiliz M\u00fcste\u015friki Anderson ile (3 Haziran 1960) g\u00fcn\u00fc ak\u015famleyin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ona bu mevzu ile al\u00e2kal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc sordum. Onun bana nasihati \u015f\u00f6yle oldu: \u00abZaman\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle h\u00fck\u00fcmler de de\u011fi\u015fir\u00bb kaidesine bin\u00e2en, ar\u00adt\u0131k bug\u00fcn cihad farz de\u011fildir. Anderson’un nazar\u0131nda cihad\u0131n, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n devletleraras\u0131 anla\u015fmalar ve uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015f\u00adlarla ilgi kurabilmeleri i\u00e7in, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f devlet\u00e7ilik kurallar\u0131lya birle\u015f\u00admesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc cihad insanlar\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m’a sevketmek i\u00e7in bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc h\u00fcrriyet ilkesi ve geli\u015fmi\u015f ak\u0131l, kuvvet kul\u00adlanmay\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fan bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi kabul etmez. Tabi\u00ee bu, m\u00fcste\u015fri\u00adkin fikri[5]<\/sup><\/a>[95]<\/sup>\u00bb.<\/p>\n}

<\/a><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\u2014 Hz. Peygamber\u0130n (S.A.) Cihad\u0131 En \u00dcst\u00fcn \u0130di:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cihad, y\u00fcce \u0130sl\u00e2m tepesinin zirvesi ve kubbesi olup m\u00fccahidlerin cen\u00adnetteki makamlar\u0131 da en y\u00fcksek makamlar oldu\u011fundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc ki d\u00fcnyada \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fccah\u0131dlere ait oldu\u011fu gibi d\u00fcnya ve ahirette en \u00fcst\u00fcn olanlar da onlard\u0131r- Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.) cihad\u0131n tam tepe noktas\u0131nda, doru\u011funda idi ve ula\u015f\u0131labilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrlerine egemendi. Allah yolunda kalb ve g\u00f6n\u00fclle, da\u00advet ve anlat\u0131mla, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve m\u0131zrakla gerekti\u011fi gibi l\u00e2y\u0131k\u0131yla cihad etmi\u015ftir. O’-nun ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n saatleri kalbiyle, diliyle ve eliyle cihad etmekle dopdoluydu. Bundan dolay\u0131 \u00e2lemlerde ad\u0131 en \u00e7ok an\u0131lan, ad\u0131 en jnice ve Allah kat\u0131nda kadri en muazzam olan O’dur.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2\u2014 O Her Zaman Cihadda \u0130di:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, peygamber olarak g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi vakitten itibaren O’na cihad\u0131 emretti. Buyurdu ki: “Dileseydik her kasabaya bir uyana g\u00f6nderirdik. Sen, k\u00e2firlere uyma ve onlara kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir cihad (=m\u00fccadele) ver. Mek\u00adke’de inen (Mekk\u00ee) s\u00fbrelerden oldu\u011fu halde Allah, bu s\u00fbrede h\u00fcccet (= deliller ortaya koyma), anlat\u0131m ve Kur’an’\u0131 tebli\u011f suretiyle k\u00e2firlere kar\u015f\u0131 cihad a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir. M\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla cihad da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yaln\u0131zca h\u00fcc\u00adceti tebli\u011f iledir. Yoksa onlar zaten m\u00fcslumanlar\u0131n otoriteleri alt\u0131ndad\u0131rlar. Allah buyuruyor ki: “Ey Peygamber! K\u00e2firler ve m\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla cihad et. On\u00adlara kar\u015f\u0131 sert davran. Onlar\u0131n bar\u0131naklar\u0131 cehennemdir. Kalacaklar\u0131 o yer ne k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr!”<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla cihad, k\u00e2firlerle cihaddan daha g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Bu, \u00fcmmetin se\u00e7\u00adkinlerinin ve peygamberlerin v\u00e2rislerinin cihad\u0131d\u0131r. Bu cihad\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ayak\u00adta tutanlar birtak\u0131m fertlerdir; bu konuda i\u015f birli\u011fi yapanlar ve dayan\u0131\u015fma, yard\u0131mla\u015fma i\u00e7inde bulunanlar say\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a az iseler de, bu kim\u00adseler, Allah kat\u0131nda kadri en y\u00fcce olanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En \u00fcst\u00fcn cihad \u015fekillerinden biri, kar\u015f\u0131 koyan kimsenin \u015fiddet ve zorba\u00adl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ze al\u0131p -mesel\u00e2, kendisinden eza ve cefa gelmesinden korkulan biri\u00adnin yan\u0131nda- ger\u00e7e\u011fi s\u00f6ylemektir ve bundan en b\u00fcy\u00fck nasiplen olan peygam\u00adberlerdir. Allah’\u0131n sal\u00e2t ve sel\u00e2m\u0131 onlara olsun. Bu konuda da en m\u00fckemmel ve en kusursuz cihad, Peygamberimize (s.a.) aittir.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3\u2014 Nefisle Cihad:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a.): “M\u00fccahid, Allah’a itaat yolunda ne\/siyle ci\u00adhad edendir. Muhacir, Allah’\u0131n yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feylerden hicret edendir” hadi\u00adsinde buyurdu\u011fu \u00fczere d\u0131\u015f \u00e2lemde Allah d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131yla yap\u0131lan cihad, ku\u00adlun, Allah’\u0131n z\u00e2t\u0131 konusunda nefsiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 cihad\u0131n bir uzant\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fun\u00addan nefis ile cihad, d\u0131\u015f \u00e2lemdeki d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihaddan \u00f6nde gelir ve ona temel te\u015fkil eder. Zira ki\u015fi ilk olarak, emrolundu\u011funu yapmas\u0131 ve yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmas\u0131 i\u00e7in nefsiyle cihad etmez, Allah yolunda ona kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmazsa d\u0131\u015f \u00e2lemdeki d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131yla cihad etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. \u0130\u00e7indeki d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 onu oto\u00adritesi alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f, ona bask\u0131n gelmi\u015f ve kendisi de o d\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 cihad et\u00admemi\u015f, Allah yolunda onunla sava\u015fmam\u0131\u015f iken d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131yla cihad etme ve ondan intikam alma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l elde edebilir? Hatta b\u00f6yle bir kimse nef\u00adsiyle cihada \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131yla cihada \u00e7\u0131kamaz.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130\u015fte bu iki d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihad etme konusunda kul imtihana \u00e7ekilmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fman daha vard\u0131r ki, onunla cihad etmeden bu ikisiyle cihad etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. O d\u00fc\u015fman bunlar aras\u0131nda durmak\u00adta ve kulu bu iki d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihad etmekten al\u0131koymakta, sava\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmaya te\u015fvik etmekte, onu oyalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta ve devaml\u0131 surette onun hayaline bu iki d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihad ederken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131 zorluklan, terkedece\u011fi nazlar\u0131, ka\u00e7\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 zevklen ve i\u015ftah kabartan \u015feyleri getirir durur. O d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihad etmeden bu iki d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihad etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Onunla cihad, bu iki d\u00fc\u015fmanla cihad\u0131n temelidir. \u0130\u015fte o d\u00fc\u015fman \u015feytand\u0131r. Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2: “\u015e\u00fcp\u00adhesiz \u015feytan sizin bir d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00d6yleyse onu d\u00fc\u015fman edinin.” buyurmaktad\u0131r. Onu bir d\u00fc\u015fman edinme emri, -sanki o b\u0131kmaz usanmaz ve al\u0131\u00adn\u0131p verilen nefesler say\u0131s\u0131nca (ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede) kul ile sava\u015fmaktan geri durmaz bir d\u00fc\u015fman imi\u015f\u00e7esine- onunla cihad etme ve sava\u015fma yolunda olanca \u00e7abay\u0131 sarfetmeye bir tenbihtir.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4 Cihad Bir \u0130mtihand\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ee\u015fte kul, bu \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fmanla sava\u015f\u0131p cihad etmekle emrolundu; bu d\u00fcnyada onlarla sava\u015fmakla s\u0131nand\u0131 ve Allah’tan kendisine bir imtihan, bir deneyim olmak \u00fczere bu d\u00fc\u015fmanlar onun \u00fczerine sal\u0131nd\u0131. Allah bu cihad i\u00e7in kula yar\u00add\u0131m, m\u00fchimmat, destek\u00e7iler ve silah vermi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda kulun d\u00fc\u015fman\u00adlar\u0131na da yard\u0131m, m\u00fchimmat, destek\u00e7iler ve silah vermi\u015ftir. Her iki grubu birbiriyle imtihan etmi\u015f; kimilerini di\u011ferlerine bir s\u0131nama vas\u0131tas\u0131 k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece onlar\u0131n haberlerini denemi\u015f ve bu imtihanla O’nu ve Peygamberleri\u00adni dost edinenlerle \u015feytan ve taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131 dost edinenleri birbirinden ay\u0131r\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 buyuruyor ki:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Sabredecek misiniz diye sizi birbirinizle s\u0131nar\u0131z. Rabbin her\u015feyi g\u00f6\u00adr\u00fcr. “<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “\u00ee\u015fte b\u00f6yle! \u015eayet Allah dileseydi, elbet onlardan kendisi \u00f6\u00e7 al\u0131rd\u0131. An\u00adcak sizi birbirinizle denemek i\u00e7in (cihad\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Andolsun, sizi, i\u00e7inizden cihada \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131 ve sabredenleri meydana \u00e7\u0131\u00adkar\u0131p haberlerinizi a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vuruncaya kadar deneyece\u011fiz.”<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Allah kullar\u0131na kulaklar, g\u00f6zler, ak\u0131llar ve g\u00fc\u00e7ler vermi\u015f; onlara kitap\u00adlar g\u00f6ndermi\u015f, peygamberlerini g\u00f6ndermi\u015f; melekleriyle onlar\u0131n imdad\u0131na ye\u00adti\u015fmi\u015f, meleklere: “Ben sizinleyim, inananlara direnme g\u00fcc\u00fc verin.” buyurmu\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece onlara, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131yla sava\u015fta kullar i\u00e7in en muazzam bir yard\u0131m \u015feklini emretmi\u015ftir. Kullara haber vermi\u015ftir ki, \u015fayet Allah’\u0131n emirle\u00adrini yerine getirirlerse hem Allah’\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na, hem de kendi d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131\u00adna kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli yard\u0131m g\u00f6receklerdir; e\u011fer d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 onlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne sarm\u0131\u015fsa, emirlerinden bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 terketmelerinden ve O’na kar\u015f\u0131 isyank\u00e2r tutumlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 salm\u0131\u015ft\u0131n Sonra Allah onlar\u0131n \u00fcmidini k\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f, onlar\u0131 \u00fcmitsizli\u011fe d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcrmemi\u015f, aksine onlara, i\u015fe yeni ba\u015ftan ba\u015flamalar\u0131n\u0131, yaralar\u0131n\u0131 tedavi etmelerini ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koymaya, h\u00fccum etmeye geri d\u00f6nmelerini emretmi\u015ftir ki, b\u00f6ylece d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 onlara yard\u0131m etsin ve zafere ula\u015f\u00adt\u0131rs\u0131n. Allah kullar\u0131na haber vermi\u015ftir ki, kendisi, onlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden takva sa\u00adhipleriyle, iyilik yapanlarla, sabredenlerle ve inananlarla birliktedir; inanan kullar\u0131n\u0131, kendilerini savunamayacaklar\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde savunacakt\u0131r. Hatta Al\u00adlah’\u0131n onlar\u0131 savunmas\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 muzaffer olacaklard\u0131r. E\u011fer Allah’\u0131n savunmas\u0131 olmasa d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 onlar\u0131 ezer ge\u00e7er, k\u00f6klerini kaz\u0131rlard\u0131…<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Onlar\u0131n bu \u015fekilde savunulmas\u0131 imanlar\u0131 ve imanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc oran\u0131nda\u00add\u0131r. \u0130man g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa savunma da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olur. Hay\u0131r bulan Allah’a hamdet-sin; hay\u0131rdan ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 bulan ise ancak kendisini k\u0131nas\u0131n.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 5\u2014 Gerekti\u011fi Gibi Cihad:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Allah kullara, kendisinden gerekti\u011fi gibi sak\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l emretmi\u015f-se, gerekti\u011fi gibi kendi yolunda cihad etmelerini de \u00f6ylece emretmi\u015ftir. Nas\u0131l ki, O’ndan gerekti\u011fi gibi sak\u0131nmak O’na itaat edilip isyan edilmemesi, ad\u0131\u00adn\u0131n an\u0131l\u0131p unutulmamas\u0131, kendisine \u015f\u00fckredilip nank\u00f6rl\u00fckte bulunulmamas\u0131 ise gerekti\u011fi gibi cihad etmek de kulun, kalbini, dilini ve uzuvlar\u0131n\u0131 Allah’a teslim etmek i\u00e7in nefsiyle cihad etmesi ve b\u00f6ylece kendine ait, kendi ba\u015f\u0131na buyruk de\u011fil b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle Allah’a ait ve Allah’la birlikte olmas\u0131; va’dini yalan\u00adlamak, emrine isyan etmek ve yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131m yapmak suretiyle \u015feytan\u0131 ile ci\u00adhad etmesidir. Zira \u015feytan ona \u00fcmitler va’deder; mal, \u015f\u00f6hret gibi gelip ge\u00e7ici \u015feyler temenni ettirir, fakir d\u00fc\u015fmekten korkutur, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri emreder, takva ve hidayetten iffet ve sab\u0131rdan, has\u0131l\u0131 iman\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fczel huylar\u0131ndan mene-der. Kul, \u015feytan\u0131n va’dini yalanlamak ve emrine isyan etmek suretiyle onun\u00adla cihad eder ve b\u00f6ylece bu iki cihaddan bir g\u00fc\u00e7, kuvvet ve destek al\u0131r; onun sayesinde Allah s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn en \u00fcst\u00fcn olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Allah d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131yla d\u0131\u015f \u00e2lem\u00adde kalbiyle, diliyle, eliyle ve mal\u0131yla cihad eder.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Gerekti\u011fi gibi cihad etme” s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ne anlama geldi\u011fi konusunda selef \u00e2limleri farkl\u0131 s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir: \u0130bn Abbas: “Bu yolda olanca \u00e7abay\u0131 sar-fetme ve Allah yolunda hi\u00e7 kimsenin k\u0131namas\u0131ndan korkmama” diyor; Muk\u00e2til: “Allah i\u00e7in gerekti\u011fi gibi amel edin, O’na gerekti\u011fi gibi ibadet edin, anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r” diyor. Abdullah \u0130bn\u00fc’l-M\u00fcb\u00e2rek ise: “Nefs ve hev\u00e2 ile m\u00fccahede etmektir.” diyor. Bu iki \u00e2yet, g\u00fc\u00e7 yetirilemeyecek bir \u015feyi emretmeyi i\u00e7ermektedir zann\u0131yla \u00e2yetlerin mensuh oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyenler isabet etmemi\u015f\u00adlerdir. “Gerekti\u011fi gibi cihad etme.” ve “gerekti\u011fi gibi sak\u0131nma” haddi zat\u0131n\u00adda her kulun g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yetti\u011fi \u015feydir. Bu da m\u00fckelleflerin kudret ve acziyet, bilgi ve cehalet konular\u0131ndaki durumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc farkl\u0131l\u0131k ar-zeder. \u015eu halde “gerekti\u011fi gibi sak\u0131nma” ve “gerekti\u011fi gibi cihad etme” g\u00fc\u00e7\u00adl\u00fc, kuvvetli ve bilgili kimseye nisbetle ba\u015fka bir \u015fey; aciz, cahil ve zay\u0131f kim\u00adseye nisbetle daha ba\u015fka bir \u015feydir. Bunu emrettikten sonra Allah, pe\u015finden: “O, sizi se\u00e7mi\u015ftir ve dinde sizin i\u00e7in bir zorluk, bir darl\u0131k k\u0131rmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.” c\u00fcmlesini nas\u0131l getirdi bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn! Hem ak\u015fjne cihad\u0131, herkesi kapsayacak \u015fe\u00adkilde geni\u015f k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim r\u0131zk\u0131n\u0131 da her canl\u0131y\u0131 kapsayacak \u015fekilde ver\u00admi\u015ftir. Kula, kulun g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yetece\u011fi \u015feyi y\u00fcklemi\u015f ve yine kula, kendisine yetecek nz\u0131k vermi\u015ftir. Kul, m\u00fckellefiyetine g\u00fc\u00e7 yetirir; nzk\u0131 da kendisine yeter. Allah hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde kuluna, dinde herhangi bir darl\u0131k k\u0131rmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Pey\u00adgamber (s.a.): “M\u00fcsamahak\u00e2r, kolay bir hanif dini ile g\u00f6nderildim.” buyur-mu\u015ftur. Yani bu din tevh\u00eed konusunda dosdo\u011fru, amelde m\u00fcsamahak\u00e2r ve kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 dini, r\u0131zikland\u0131rmas\u0131, aff\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamas\u0131 konular\u0131nda kulla\u00adr\u0131na son derece geni\u015flik tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f; ruh, bedende kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcddet\u00e7e onlara tevbe etme imk\u00e2n\u0131 vermi\u015f; tevbe edebilmeleri i\u00e7in g\u00fcne\u015f bat\u0131dan do\u011funcaya ka\u00addar kapamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir kap\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f; her bir g\u00fcnah i\u00e7in onu yok edecek bir keffaret olarak bir tevbe, bir sadaka yahut g\u00fcnah\u0131 silen bir iyilik yahut da ha\u00adram k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 her\u015feye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k onlar i\u00e7in o \u015feye bedel, ondan daha faydal\u0131, daha ho\u015f, daha lezzetli bir \u015feyi hel\u00e2l k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu hel\u00e2l olan \u015fey o haram\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7er ve b\u00f6ylece kul haramdan m\u00fcsta\u011fn\u00ee kal\u0131r; hel\u00e2l ona yeterli olur, dar gel\u00admez. Allah, kullan kendisiyle imtihan etti\u011fi her bir zorluk i\u00e7in birisi o zor\u00adluktan \u00f6nce, di\u011feri sonra olmak \u00fczere iki kolayl\u0131k yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Art\u0131k “Bir zor\u00adluk, iki kolayl\u0131\u011fa asla galip gelemez. ” Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2’mn kullar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 tu\u00adtumu b\u00f6yle oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, takat getiremeyecekleri ve g\u00fc\u00e7 yetiremeyecekleri \u015feyden \u00f6te onlar\u0131n kapasitelerini a\u015facak bir \u015feyle onlar\u0131 nas\u0131l m\u00fckellef tutar?<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6\u2014 Cihad\u0131n Basamaklar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ysa, \u015fu halde cihad d\u00f6rt basamakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-<\/strong> Nefis ile cihad,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-<\/strong> \u015eeytanla cihad,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3-<\/strong> K\u00e2firlerle cihad,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4-<\/strong> M\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla cihad.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nefis \u0130le cihad da yine d\u00f6rt basamakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Birincisi: Do\u011fru yolu ve hak dini \u00f6\u011frenme konusunda nefis ile cihad ki gerek d\u00fcnyada, gerekse ahirette nefsin kurtulu\u015f ve mutlulu\u011fu bu hak dine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu dini bilmeyi ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131rsa her iki cihanda da bedbaht olur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130kincisi: Bu hak dini ve do\u011fruyolu \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra onun gere\u011fince dav\u00adranma konusunda nefis ile cihad. Aksi halde amelsiz sade bilgi ona zarar ver\u00admese de bir fayda da sa\u011flamaz.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: \u0130nsanlar\u0131 bu dine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma ve bilmeyenlere onu \u00f6\u011fretme ko\u00adnusunda nefis ile cihad. Aksi halde Allah’\u0131n indirdi\u011fi hidayeti ve a\u00e7\u0131klamala\u00adr\u0131 saklayan kimseler durumuna d\u00fc\u015fer. \u0130lmi, ona fayda vermez ve Allah’\u0131n aza\u00adb\u0131ndan onu kurtarmaz.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: Allah’a \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rman\u0131n zorluklar\u0131na ve halk\u0131n eziyetine kar\u015f\u0131 sabretme ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara Allah i\u00e7in tahamm\u00fcl g\u00f6sterme konusunda nefis ile cihad. Ki\u015fi bu d\u00f6rt basama\u011f\u0131 tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakit rabbanilerden olur. Zira selef, bir \u00e2limin “rabbani” ismine hak kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in hakk\u0131 bilip, onunla amel etmesinin ve onu \u00f6\u011fretmesinin gerekli oldu\u011funda hemfikirdirler. \u0130\u015fte ancak bilip amel eden ve \u00f6\u011freten kimse g\u00f6klerin melek\u00fbtunda “ulu ki\u015fi” di\u00adye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u015eeytanla Cihad:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u015eeytanla cihad iki basamakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>1-<\/strong> \u015eeytan\u0131n, kulun i\u00e7ine att\u0131\u011f\u0131 iman konusunda k; he ve ku\u015fkular\u0131n\u0131 defetmek \u00fczere cihad etme.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-<\/strong> Kulun i\u00e7ine att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozuk iradeleri ve arzulan defetme konusunda \u015fey\u00adtanla cihad. Birinci cihad\u0131n sonunda yak\u00een (= kesin inan\u00e7), ikincisinin sonunda da sab\u0131r olu\u015fur. Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2: “Sabredip \u00e2yetlerimize kesin inanmalar\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc aralar\u0131ndan, emrimizle onlar\u0131 do\u011fru yola ileten \u00f6nderler \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k.” buyurarak din \u00f6nderli\u011fine ancak sab\u0131r ve kesin inan\u00e7la ula\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fini ha\u00adber vermi\u015ftir. Sab\u0131r bozuk iradeleri ve arzulan, kesin inan\u00e7 ise \u015f\u00fcphe ve ku\u015f\u00adkular\u0131 defeder.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00e2firler ve M\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla Cihad:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00e2firler ve m\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla cihad ise d\u00f6rt basamakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-<\/strong> Kalble,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-<\/strong> Dille,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3-<\/strong> Malla,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4-<\/strong> Canla,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00e2firlerle cihad \u00f6zellikle el iledir. M\u00fcnaf\u0131klarla cihad ise \u00f6zellikle dil dir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zalimler, bid’at\u00e7iler ve k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015fler yapanlarla cihad ise \u00fc\u00e7 basamakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01-G\u00fcc\u00fc yeterse el ile,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a02- Yetmezse dile intikal eder,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3- Ona da g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmezse kalbiyle cihad eder. \u0130\u015fte toplam cihad\u0131n on \u00fc\u00e7 basama\u011f\u0131 bunlard\u0131r. “Gazaya \u00e7\u0131kmadan ve i\u00e7inden gazaya \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 kurmadan \u00f6len kimse m\u00fcnaf\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir \u015fubesi \u00fczere \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f olur.”[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biz yine \u0130kinci Ak\u00e2be Bey’at\u0131’ndan bahsetmeye d\u00f6nelim:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Allah\u00fc Te\u00e2l\u00e2 murad etti\u011fi i\u00e7in, bu ikinci bey’at haberi, Mekke m\u00fc\u015friklerinin kula\u011f\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131. H\u00e2lbuki i\u015f Res\u00fblullah ile Medineli m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda olup bitmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Belki de m\u00fc\u015friklerin bu olay\u0131 duymalar\u0131n\u0131n hikmeti; Hz. Peygamber’in Medine’ye hicret etme sebeblerini haz\u0131rlamakt\u0131r. M\u00fc\u015frik\u00adlerin kula\u011f\u0131na de\u011fen bu haberin Res\u00fblullah’\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda; onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek ve ondan kurtulmak \u00fczere fik’r birli\u011fi etmelerinde \u00f6nem\u00adli etkisi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rece\u011fiz…<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Her ne olursa olsun, \u0130kinci Ak\u00e2be Bey’at\u0131, Res\u00fblullah (s.a.v.)’\u0131n Medine-i M\u00fcnevvere’ye hicreti i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131m olmu\u015ftu. [7]<\/a>[96]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/a>[91] Tevbe s\u00fbresi, \u00e2yet: 123.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>[92] Bu had\u00ees m\u00fcttefekun aleyhdir.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>[93] Bu konuya \u00f6rnek olarak Vloten’ln \u00abSiy\u00e2det\u00fc’l-Aratoiyye\u00bb ad\u0131ndaki kitab\u0131na ba\u00adk\u0131n\u0131z, p. 5 ye sonras\u0131: Nahdatu’l-M\u0131sriyye.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>[94] Muhammet! s\u00fbresi, \u00e2yet: 20.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>[95] Dr. Zuhayl\u00ee, \u00ees\u00e2ru’l-Harbi, Fi F\u0131kh\u0131’l-tsl\u00e2m: s. 59, dip.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> ibnul kayy\u0131m el cezviye f\u0131khu siyre<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>[96] Dr. M. Said Ramazan El-B\u00fbti, F\u0131khu\u2019s Siyre, Gonca Yay\u0131nevi: 179-183.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00eehad Ve Cihad\u0131n Farz K\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Genel Bir A\u00e7\u0131klama \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mademki, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma bizi cihad ve sava\u015f hakk\u0131nda bahset\u00adme noktas\u0131na kadar getirecek, o halde burada cihad\u0131n kendisi, me\u015f\u00adruiyeti ve ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6nemler \u00fczerinde do\u011fru ve sa\u011flam g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00adlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in bir miktar durmam\u0131z, gerekir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n nazar\u0131nda, kendilerini korkuya salan ve deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren \u0130sl\u00e2m esaslar\u0131n\u0131n en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":42272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,11760],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","category-siyer-programi"],"yoast_head":"\n